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英文名字 |
查詢經文 |
代表經文 |
Nave's Topical Bible |
ISBE |
Easton |
HBND |
SDB |
| 亞比亥 |
ABIHAIL |
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ISBE
ab-i-hal (abhichayil; in some manuscripts abhihayil, when feminine, but best reading is the former: "father, or cause, of strength"): Five persons in the Old Testament are called by this name: (1) A Levite and the father of Zuriel, who in the Wilderness was head of the house of Merari, Levis youngest son (Nu 3:35); (2) The wife of Abishur, a man of the tribe of Judah, in the line of Hazron and Jerahmeel (1 Ch 2:29); (3) One of the heads of the tribe of Gad, who dwelt in Gilead of Bashan (1 Ch 5:14); (4) Either a wife of Rehoboam, king of Judah, or mother of his wife Mahalath, according to the interpretation of the text (2 Ch 11:18); probably the latter view is correct, since there is no conjunction in the text, and since (2 Ch 11:19) contemplates only one wife as already mentioned. This being true, she was the wife of Jerimath, a son of David, and daughter of Eliab, Davids eldest brother. It is interesting to note this frequent intermarriage in the Davidic house; (5) Father of Queen Esther, who became wife of Xerxes (Biblical Ahasuerus) king of Persia, after the removal of the former queen, Vashti, (Est 2:15; 9:29). He was uncle of Mordecai.
Edward Mack
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Easton
father of might. (1.) Num. 3:35. (2.) 1 Chr. 2:29. (3.) 1 Chr. 5:14. (4.) The second wife of King Rehoboam (2 Chr. 11:18), a descendant of Eliab, David's eldest brother. (5.) The father of Esther and uncle of Mordecai (Esther 2:15).
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HDBN
the father of strength
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SBD
(father of , i.e. possessing, strength ). Father of Zuriel, chief of the Levitical father of Merari, a contemporary of Moses. ( Numbers 3:35 ) (B.C. 1490.) Wife of Abishur. ( 1 Chronicles 2:29 ) Son of Huri, of the tribe of Gad. ( 1 Chronicles 5:14 ) Wife of Rehoboam. She is called the daughter, i.e. descendant, of Eliab, the elder brother of David. ( 2 Chronicles 11:18 ) (B.C. 972.) Father of Esther and uncle of Mordecai. ( Esther 2:15 ; 9:29 )
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ABITAL |
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ISBE
ab-i-tal, a-bi-tal (abhiTal, "my father is dew"): One of the wives of King David. In the duplicated list (2 Sam 3:4; 1 Ch 3:3) in which the sons born to David in Hebron are mentioned and numbered, the fifth is said to be Shephatiah the son of Abital.
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Easton
father of dew; i.e., "fresh", David's fifth wife (2 Sam. 3:4).
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HDBN
the father of the dew; or of the shadow
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SBD
(father of the dew ), one of Davids wives. ( 2 Samuel 3:4 ; 1 Chronicles 3:3 )
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| 亞比以謝 |
ABIEZER |
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代表
書17:2 民26:30 士6:11 撒下23:27 代上11:28 代上27:12
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ISBE
ab-i-e-zer, a-bi-e-zer (abhi`ezer, "father of help," or "my father is help." Iezer, Iezerite (in the King James Version Jeezer, Jeezerite), is Abiezer with the letter beth omitted):
(1) A descendant of Joseph the son of Jacob, and head of one of the families of Manasseh that settled West of the Jordan (Nu 26:30; Josh 17:1-6; 1 Ch 7:14-19). As he was great uncle to Zelophehads daughters, who brought a case before Moses (Nu 36), he must have been an old man at the time of the conquest. He was the son of Gilead the son of Machir, in the sense of being a more remote descendant, for Machir had sons before the death of Joseph (Gen 50:23). The Machir that possessed Gilead and Bashan because he was "a man of war" was the Manassite family of Machir, with Jair as its great general (Josh 17:1; 13:30,31; Nu 32:39-41; Dt 3:12-15). To Abiezer and other sons of Gilead territory was assigned West of the Jordan.
In later generations the name survived as that of the family to which Gideon belonged, and perhaps also of the region which they occupied (Jdg 6:34; 8:2). They are also called Abiezrites (Jdg 6:11,24; 8:32). The region was West of Shechem, with Ophrah for its principal city.
(2) One of Davids mighty men, "the Anathothite" (2 Sam 23:27; 1 Ch 11:28), who was also one of David s month-by-month captains, his month being the ninth (1 Ch 27:12).
Willis J. Beecher
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| 亞比但 |
ABIDAN |
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ISBE
a-bi-dan (abhidhan, "father is judge"): Abidan, son of Gideoni, was a "prince" of the children of Benjamin (Nu 2:22; 10:24). He was chosen to represent his tribe at the census in the wilderness of Sinai (Nu 1:11). When, on the erection, anointing and sanctification of the Tabernacle, the heads of Israel offered, Abidan offered on the ninth day (Nu 7:60,65).
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Easton
father of judgment; judge, head of the tribe of Benjamin at the Exodus (Num. 1:11; 2:22).
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SBD
(father of the judge ), chief of the tribe of Benjamin at the time of the Exodus. (B.C. 1491.) ( Numbers 1:11 ; 2:22 ; Numbers 7:60 Numbers 7:65 ; 10:24 )
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APELLES |
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ISBE
a-pel-ez (Apelles): A Christian at Rome to whom Paul sends greetings (Rom 16:10). He is described by Paul as "the, approved in Christ," i.e. "that approved Christian" (Denney). In some way unknown to us Apelles had been tested and he had proved faithful (compare Jas 1:12; 2 Tim 2:15). It is a common name. Many commentators refer to Horace (Satires, i.5.100): "Credat Judaeus Apella, non ego."
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Easton
a Christian at Rome whom Paul salutes (Rom. 16:10), and styles "approved in Christ."
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HDBN
exclusion; separation
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SBD
(called ), a Christian saluted by St. Paul in ( Romans 16:10 ) Tradition makes him bishop of Smyrna or Heraclea. (A.D. 55.)
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ABIDAH |
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ISBE
a-bi-dah: Used in the King James Version in Gen 25:4 for ABIDA, which see.
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ABIJAM |
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ISBE
a-bi-jam (abhiyam, "father of sea," or, "father of west"). The name given in Kings (1 Ki 14:31; 15:1,7,8) to the son of Rehoboam who succeeded him as king of Judah.
See ABIJAH.
The name has puzzled scholars. Some have proposed, by adding one letter, to change it into "father of his people." Others have observed that the Greek rendering in Kings is Abeiou. Either the Hebrew copy used by the Greek translator read abhiyahu, Abijah, or else the translator substituted the form of the name which was to him more familiar. A few existing copies of the Hebrew have the reading Abijah, and Mt 1:7 presupposes that as the Old Testament reading. So they infer that Abijam in Ki is an erroneous reading for Abijah. This seems at present to be the prevailing view, and it is plausible. It would be more convincing, however, if the name occurred but once in the passage in Kings, instead of occurring five times. It is improbable that a scribe would repeat the same error five times within a few sentences, while a translator, if he changed the name once, would of course change it the other four times.
Exploration has revealed the fact that the whole region near the eastern end of the Mediterranean was known as "the west." "Father of the west" is not an inapt name for Rehoboam to give to the boy who, he expects, will inherit the kingdom of Solomon and David. The effect of the secession of the ten tribes was to make that name a burlesque, and one does not wonder that it was superseded by Abijah, "My father is Yahweh."
Willis J. Beecher
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Easton
father of the sea; i.e., "seaman" the name always used in Kings of the king of Judah, the son of Rehoboam, elsewhere called Abijah (1 Kings 15:1,7,8). (See ABIJAH
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ABIHAIL |
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ISBE
ab-i-hal (abhichayil; in some manuscripts abhihayil, when feminine, but best reading is the former: "father, or cause, of strength"): Five persons in the Old Testament are called by this name: (1) A Levite and the father of Zuriel, who in the Wilderness was head of the house of Merari, Levis youngest son (Nu 3:35); (2) The wife of Abishur, a man of the tribe of Judah, in the line of Hazron and Jerahmeel (1 Ch 2:29); (3) One of the heads of the tribe of Gad, who dwelt in Gilead of Bashan (1 Ch 5:14); (4) Either a wife of Rehoboam, king of Judah, or mother of his wife Mahalath, according to the interpretation of the text (2 Ch 11:18); probably the latter view is correct, since there is no conjunction in the text, and since (2 Ch 11:19) contemplates only one wife as already mentioned. This being true, she was the wife of Jerimath, a son of David, and daughter of Eliab, Davids eldest brother. It is interesting to note this frequent intermarriage in the Davidic house; (5) Father of Queen Esther, who became wife of Xerxes (Biblical Ahasuerus) king of Persia, after the removal of the former queen, Vashti, (Est 2:15; 9:29). He was uncle of Mordecai.
Edward Mack
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Easton
father of might. (1.) Num. 3:35. (2.) 1 Chr. 2:29. (3.) 1 Chr. 5:14. (4.) The second wife of King Rehoboam (2 Chr. 11:18), a descendant of Eliab, David's eldest brother. (5.) The father of Esther and uncle of Mordecai (Esther 2:15).
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HDBN
the father of strength
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SBD
(father of , i.e. possessing, strength ). Father of Zuriel, chief of the Levitical father of Merari, a contemporary of Moses. ( Numbers 3:35 ) (B.C. 1490.) Wife of Abishur. ( 1 Chronicles 2:29 ) Son of Huri, of the tribe of Gad. ( 1 Chronicles 5:14 ) Wife of Rehoboam. She is called the daughter, i.e. descendant, of Eliab, the elder brother of David. ( 2 Chronicles 11:18 ) (B.C. 972.) Father of Esther and uncle of Mordecai. ( Esther 2:15 ; 9:29 )
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| 亞比忽 |
ABHUD |
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| 亞比戶 |
ABIHU |
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ISBE
a-bi-hu (abhihu, "father he is," or "my father he is"): Second son of Aaron, the high priest (Ex 6:23). With his older brother Nadab he "died before Yahweh," when the two "offered strange fire" (Lev 10:1,2). It may be inferred from the emphatic prohibition of wine or strong drink, laid upon the priests immediately after this tragedy, that the two brothers were going to their priestly functions in an intoxicated condition (Lev 10:8-11). Their death is mentioned three times in subsequent records (Nu 3:4; 26:61; 1 Ch 24:2).
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Easton
father of Him; i.e., "worshipper of God", the second of the sons of Aaron (Ex. 6:23; Num. 3:2; 26:60; 1 Chr. 6:3). Along with his three brothers he was consecrated to the priest's office (Ex. 28:1). With his father and elder brother he accompanied the seventy elders part of the way up the mount with Moses (Ex. 24:1,9). On one occasion he and Nadab his brother offered incense in their censers filled with "strange" (i.e., common) fire, i.e., not with fire taken from the great brazen altar (Lev. 6:9, etc.), and for this offence they were struck dead, and were taken out and buried without the camp (Lev. 10:1-11; comp. Num. 3:4; 26:61; 1 Chr. 24:2). It is probable that when they committed this offence they were intoxicated, for immediately after is given the law prohibiting the use of wine or strong drink to the priests.
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SBD
(he (God) is my father ), the second son, ( Numbers 3:2 ) of Aaron by Elisheba. ( Exodus 6:23 ) Being, together with his elder brother Nadab, guilty of offering strange fire to the lord, he was consumed by fire from heaven. ( Leviticus 10:1 Leviticus 10:2 )
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| 亞比拿達 |
ABINADAB |
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代表
撒上7:1 撒上7:2 撒下6:3 代上13:7 撒上16:8 撒上17:13 代上2:13 撒上31:2 代上8:33 代上9:39 代上10:2
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ISBE
a-bin-a-dab (abhinadhabh, "father of willingness," or, "my father is willing." This is according to the ordinary usage of the second word in the name--"willing" rather than "munificent" or "noble"):
(1) The man in whose house the men of Kiriath-jearim placed the ark, after its return from the land of the Philistines, his house being either in Gibeah of Benjamin or "in the hill" (1 Sam 7:1; 2 Sam 6:3,4). To account for the ambiguity note that gibh`ah means hill, and that the place-name Gibeah ordinarily has the definite article. It is natural to think that Abinadab was himself a man of Kiriath-jearim, though the account does not explicitly say so. The record is that the men of Kiriath-jearim were summoned to take charge of the ark at a time when no one else dared to have it (1 Sam 6:20,21); and the implication seems to be that they had no option to refuse. Possibly this was due to their being Gibeonites, and hereditary "bondmen" of "the house of my God" (Josh 9:17,23). However this may be, they "sanctified" Abinadabs son Eleazar to have charge of the ark. According to the Hebrew and some of the Greek copies, the ark was in Gibeah in the middle of the reign of King Saul (1 Sam 14:18).
About a century later, according to the Bible numbers, David went with great pomp to Kiriath-jearim, otherwise known as Baalah or Baale-judah, to bring the ark from Kiriath-jearim, out of the house of Abinadab in the hill (or, in Gibeah), and place it in Jerusalem (1 Ch 13; 2 Sam 6). The new cart was driven by two descendants of Abinadab. There may or may not have been another Abinadab then living, the head of the house.
(2) The second of the eight sons of Jesse, one of the three who were in Sauls army when Goliath gave his challenge (1 Sam 16:8; 17:13; 1 Ch 2:13).
(3) One of the sons of King Saul (1 Ch 8:33; 9:39; 10:2; 1 Sam 31:2). He died in the battle of Gilboa, along with his father and brothers.
(4) In 1 Ki 4:11 the King James Version has "the son of Abinadab," where the Revised Version (British and American) has BEN-ABINADAB, which see.
Willis J. Beecher
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Easton
father of nobleness; i.e., "noble." (1.) A Levite of Kirjath-jearim, in whose house the ark of the covenant was deposited after having been brought back from the land of the Philistines (1 Sam. 7:1). It remained there twenty years, till it was at length removed by David (1 Sam. 7:1,2; 1 Chr. 13:7). (2.) The second of the eight sons of Jesse (1 Sam. 16:8). He was with Saul in the campaign against the Philistines in which Goliath was slain (1 Sam. 17:13). (3.) One of Saul's sons, who peristed with his father in the battle of Gilboa (1 Sam. 31:2; 1 Chr. 10:2). (4.) One of Solomon's officers, who "provided victuals for the king and his household." He presided, for this purpose, over the district of Dor (1 Kings 4:11).
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SBD
A Levite, a native of Kirjath-jearim, in whose house the ark remained 20 years. ( 1 Samuel 7:1 1 Samuel 7:2 ; 1 Chronicles 13:7 ) (B.C. 1124.) Second son of Jesse, who followed Saul to his war against the Philistines, ( 1 Samuel 16:8 ; 17:13 ) (B.C. 1063.) A son of Saul, who was slain with his brothers at the fatal battle on Mount Gilboa. ( 1 Samuel 31:2 ) (B.C. 1053.) Father of one of the twelve chief officers of Solomon. ( 1 Kings 4:11 ) (B.C. before 1014.)
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ABINOAM |
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ISBE
a-bin-o-am, ab-i-no-am (abhino`am, "father of pleasantness," or, "my father is pleasantness"): A man of Kedesh-naphtali, the father of Barak who defeated the army of Jabin and Sisera (Jdg 4:6,12; 5:1,12).
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Easton
father of kindness, the father of Barak (Judg. 4:6; 5:1).
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ABISHUA |
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代表
代上8:4 代上6:4 代上6:50 拉7:5
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ISBE
a-bish-u-a, abi-shoo-a (abhishua`, uncertain, perhaps "father of wealth," or "my father is wealth"):
(1) A son of Bela the son of Benjamin (1 Ch 8:4).
(2) The son of Phinehas, who was grandson to Aaron (1 Ch 6:4,5,50; Ezr 7:5).
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Easton
father of welfare; i.e., "fortunate." (1.) The grandson of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:4). (2.) The son of Phinehas the high priest (1 Chr. 6:4,5,50; Ezra 7:5).
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SBD
or Abishu-a (father of deliverance ). Son of Bela, of the tribe of Benjamin. ( 1 Chronicles 8:4 ) Son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, and father of Bukki, in the genealogy of the high priests. ( 1 Chronicles 6:4 1 Chronicles 6:5 1 Chronicles 6:50 1 Chronicles 6:51 ; Ezra 7:4 Ezra 7:5 )
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ABISHAG |
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代表
王上1:1 王上1:2 王上1:3 王上1:4 王上2:17 王上2:21 王上2:22
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ISBE
ab-i-shag, a-bi-shag (abhishagh, apparently, "father of wandering," that is, "cause of wandering," or "my father wanders"): The Shunammite woman who became nurse to King David (1 Ki 1-4,15; 2:17,21,22). She was chosen for the service with great care on account of her youth and beauty and physical vigor. She ministered to the king, that is, waited on him as personal attendant and nurse. She also "cherished" him in his feebleness--gave to him through physical contact the advantage of her superabundant vitality. This was a mode of medical treatment recommended by the servants of the king, and it appears to have been not wholly unsuccessful. She had an intimate knowledge of the condition of David, and was present at the interview of Bathsheba with David which resulted in the placing of Solomon on the throne. If that act had been questioned she would have been a most important witness. By reason of this and of her personal charms, she might become a strong helper to any rival of Solomon who should intrigue to supplant him. Adonijah sought Abishag in marriage. On the basis of this and of such other evidence as may supposably have been in his possession, Solomon put Adonijah to death as an intriguer.
Willis J. Beecher
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Easton
father of (i.e., "given to") error, a young woman of Shunem, distinguished for her beauty. She was chosen to minister to David in his old age. She became his wife (1 Kings 1:3,4,15). After David's death Adonijah persuaded Bathsheba, Solomon's mother, to entreat the king to permit him to marry Abishag. Solomon suspected in this request an aspiration to the throne, and therefore caused him to be put to death (1 Kings 2:17-25).
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HDBN
ignorance of the father
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SBD
a beautiful Shunammite (from Shunem, in the tribe of Issachar), taken into Davids harem to comfort him in his extreme old age. ( 1 Kings 1:1-4 )
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ABIUD |
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ISBE
a-bi-ud (Abioud, perhaps "my father is majesty"; see ABIHUD): Mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus (Mt 1:13 and not elsewhere) as the son of Zerubbabel.
See GENEALOGY.
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SBD
(father of praise ), descendant of Zorobabel in the genealogy of Jesus Christ. ( Matthew 1:13 )
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ABIMAEL |
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ISBE
a-bim-a-el, ab-i-ma-el (abhimael, "my father is God," or "God is father"): The ninth of the thirteen sons of Joktan, who was descendant of Shem, and son of Eber, and brother of Peleg in whose days the earth was divided (Gen 10:25-29; 1 Ch 1:19-23). Like some of the other names in this list, the name is linguistically south Arabian, and the tribes indicated are south Arabians. On the Arabic elements in Hebrew proper names see Halevy, Melanges depigraphie et darcheologie semitiques; ZDMG, especially early in 1883; D. H. Muller, Epigraphie Denkmaler aus Arabien; Glaser, Skizze der Gesch. und Geog. Arabiens; and by index Hommel, Ancient Hebrew Tradition; and Gray, Hebrew Proper Names; and F. Giesebrecht, Die alttestamentliche Schatzung des Gottesnamens.
Willis J. Beecher
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Easton
father of Mael, one of the sons or descendants of Joktan, in Northern Arabia (Gen. 10:28; 1 Chr. 1:22).
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HDBN
a father sent from God
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ABITUB |
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ISBE
ab-i-tub, a-bi-tub (abhiTubh, "father of goodness," or, "my father is goodness"): In the King James Version Ahitub. A descendant of Benjamin and son of Shaharaim and Hushim, born in the field of Moab (1 Ch 8:11).
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Easton
father of goodness, a Benjamite (1 Chr. 8:11).
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SBD
(father of goodness ), son of Shaharaim by Hushim. ( 1 Chronicles 8:11 )
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ABISHAI |
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代表
代上2:16 撒上26:6 撒上26:7 撒上26:8 撒上26:9 撒上26:10 撒上26:11 撒上26:12 撒下16:9 撒下16:10 撒下16:11 撒下16:12 撒下16:13 撒下16:14 撒下21:15 撒下21:16 撒下21:17 撒下23:18
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ISBE
ab-i-shi, a-bi-shi (abhishai, in Ch abhshai; meaning is doubtful, probably "my father is Jesse," BDB): Son of Zeruiah, Davids sister, and one of the three famous brothers, of whom Joab and Asahel were the other two (2 Sam 2:18). He was chief of the second group of three among Davids "mighty men" (2 Sam 23:18). He first appears with David, who was in the Wilderness of Ziph, to escape Saul. When David called for a volunteer to go down into Sauls camp by night, Abishai responded, and counseled the killing of Saul when they came upon the sleeping king (1 Sam 26:6-9). In the skirmish between the men of Ishbosheth and the men of David at Gibeon, in which Asahel was killed by Abner, Abishai was present (2 Sam 2:18,24). He was with and aided Joab in the cruel and indefensible murder of Abner, in revenge for their brother Asahel (2 Sam 3:30). In Davids campaign against the allied Ammonites and Syrians, Abishai led the attack upon the Ammonites, while Joab met the Syrians; the battle was a great victory for Israel (2 Sam 10:10-14). He was always faithful to David, and remained with him, as he fled from Absalom. When Shimei, of the house of Saul, cursed the fleeing king, Abishai characteristically wished to kill him at once (2 Sam 16:8,9); and when the king returned victorious Abishai advised the rejection of Shimeis penitence, and his immediate execution (2 Sam 19:21). In the battle with Absaloms army at Mahanaim Abishai led one division of Davids army, Joab and Ittai commanding the other two (2 Sam 18:2). With Joab he put down the revolt against David of Sheba, a man of Benjamin (2 Sam 20:6,10), at which Joab treacherously slew Amasa his cousin and rival, as he had likewise murdered Abner, Abishai no doubt being party to the crime. In a battle with the Philistines late in his life, David was faint, being now an old man, and was in danger of death at the hands of the Philistine giant Ishbihenob when Abishai came to his rescue and killed the giant (2 Sam 21:17). In the list of Davids heroes (2 Sam 23) Abishais right to leadership of the "second three" is based upon his overthrowing three hundred men with his spear (2 Sam 23:18). He does not appear in the struggle of Adonijah against Solomon, in which Joab was the leader, and therefore is supposed to have died before that time.
He was an impetuous, courageous man, but less cunning than his more famous brother Joab, although just as cruel and relentless toward rival or foe. David understood and feared their hardness and cruelty. Abishais best trait was his unswerving loyalty to his kinsman, David.
Edward Mack
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Easton
father of (i.e., "desirous of") a gift, the eldest son of Zeruiah, David's sister. He was the brother of Joab and Asahel (2 Sam. 2:18; 1 Chr. 2:16). Abishai was the only one who accompanied David when he went to the camp of Saul and took the spear and the cruse of water from Saul's bolster (1 Sam. 26:5-12). He had the command of one of the three divisions of David's army at the battle with Absalom (2 Sam. 18:2,5,12). He slew the Philistine giant Ishbi-benob, who threatened David's life (2 Sam. 21:15-17). He was the chief of the second rank of the three "mighties" (2 Sam. 23:18, 19; 1 Chr. 11:20,21); and on one occasion withstood 300 men, and slew them with his own spear (2 Sam. 23:18). Abishai is the name of the Semitic chief who offers gifts to the lord of Beni-Hassan. See illustration facing page 10.
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HDBN
the present of my father
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SBD
or Abisha-i (father of a gift ), The eldest of the three sons of Zeruiah, Davids sister, and brother to Joab and Asahel. ( 1 Chronicles 2:16 ) Like his two brothers he was the devoted follower of David. He was his companion in the desperate night expedition to the camp of Saul. ( 1 Samuel 26:6-9 ) (B.C. 1055.) On the outbreak of Absaloms rebellion he remained true to the king,a nd commanded a third part of the army in the decisive battle against Absalom. He rescued David from the hands of the gigantic Philistine, Ishbi-benob. ( 2 Samuel 21:17 ) His personal prowess on this, as on another occasion, when he fought singlehanded against three hundred, won for him a place as captain of the second three of Davids mighty men. ( 2 Samuel 23:18 ; 1 Chronicles 11:20 )
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ABIMELECH |
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代表
創21:22 創21:23 創21:24 創21:25 創21:26 創21:27 創21:28 創21:29 創21:30 創21:31 創21:32 創26:1 創26:2 創26:3 創26:4 創26:5 創26:6 創26:7 創26:8 創26:9 創26:10 創26:11 創26:12 創26:13 創26:14 創26:15 創26:16 創26:17 創26:18 創26:19 創26:20 創26:21 創26:22 創26:23 創26:24 創26:25 創26:26 創26:2
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ISBE
a-bim-e-lek (abhimelekh, "father of a king"): A name borne by five Old Testament persons.
(1) The name of two kings of Philistia; the first was a contemporary of Abraham, the second, probably son of the former, was king in the days of Isaac. It is quite possible that Abimelech was the royal title rather than the personal name, since in the title of Ps 34 we find it applied to the king of Gath, elsewhere known by his personal name, Achish (1 Sam 27:2,3). Shortly after the destruction of Sodom Abraham journeyed with his herds and flocks into the extreme Southeast country of Israel (Gen 20). While sojourning at Gerar, the city of Abimelech, king of the Philistine country, he made believe that Sarah was his sister (Gen 20:2), and Abimelech took her, intending to make her one of his wives. But God rebuked him in a dream, besides sending barrenness on the women of his household (Gen 20:3,17). After Abimelech had reproved Abraham most justly for the deception, he dealt generously with him, loading him with presents and granting him the liberty of the land (Gen 20:14,15). When contention had arisen between the servants of the two men over the wells of water the two men made a covenant at a well, which took its name, Beersheba, from this fact of covenantmaking (Gen 21:31,32).
(2) Nearly a century later than the events connected with the first Abimelech, as outlined above, a second Abimelech, king of the Philistines, is mentioned in relations with Isaac (Gen 26), who in time of grievous famine went down from his home, probably at Hebron, to Gerar. Fearing for his life because of his beautiful wife, Rebekah, he called her his sister, just as Abraham had done with reference to Sarah. Neither Abimelech nor any of his people took Rebekah to wife--quite a variation from the Abrahamic incident; but when the falsehood was detected, he upbraided Isaac for what might have happened, continuing nevertheless to treat him most graciously. Isaac continued to dwell in the vicinity of Gerar, until contention between his herdsmen and those of Abimelech became too violent; then he moved away by stages, reopening the wells digged (dug) by his father (Gen 26:18-22). Finally, a covenant was made between Abimelech and Isaac at Beersheba, just ,as had been made between Abraham and the first Abimelech (Gen 26:26-33). The two kings of Philistia were probably father and son.
(3) The title of Ps 34 mentions another Abimelech, who in all probability is the same as Achish king of Gath (1 Sam 21:10 through 22:1); with whom David sought refuge when fleeing from Saul, and with whom he was dwelling at the time of the Philistine invasion of Israel, which cost Saul his kingdom and his life (1 Sam 27). It appears from this that Abimelech was the royal title, and not the personal name of the Philistine kings.
(4) A son of Gideon (Jdg 9) who aspired to be king after the death of his father, and did rule three years (Jdg 9:22). He first won the support of the members of his mothers family and their recommendation of himself to all Israel (Jdg 9:3,4). He then murdered all the sons of his father, seventy in number, at Ophrah, the family home in the tribe of Manasseh, Jotham the youngest son alone escaping (Jdg 9:5). After this Abimelech was made ruler by an assembly of the people at Shechem. An insurrection led by Gaal the son of Ebed having broken out in Shechem, Abimelech, although he succeeded in capturing that city, was wounded to death by a mill-stone, which a woman dropped from the wall upon his head, while he was storming the citadel of Thebez, into which the defeated rebels had retreated, after that city also had been taken (Jdg 9:50-53). Finding that he was mortally wounded and in order to avoid the shame of death at a womans hand, he required his armor-bearer to kill him with his sword (Jdg 9:54). His cruel treatment of the Shechemites (Jdg 9:46-49), when they took refuge from him in their strong tower, was a just judgment for their acquiescence in his crimes (Jdg 9:20,57); while his own miserable death was retribution for his bloody deeds (Jdg 9:56).
(5) A priest in the days of David; a descendant of Ithamar and Eli, and son of Abiathar (1 Ch 18:16). In the Septuagint and in 1 Ch 24 he is called Ahimelech; but is not to be confused with Ahimelech, the father of Abiathar, and therefore his grandfather. He shared with Zadok, of the line of Ithamar, the priestly office in the reign of David (1 Ch 24:31).
Edward Mack
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Easton
my father a king, or father of a king, a common name of the Philistine kings, as "Pharaoh" was of the Egyptian kings. (1.) The Philistine king of Gerar in the time of Abraham (Gen. 20:1-18). By an interposition of Providence, Sarah was delivered from his harem, and was restored to her husband Abraham. As a mark of respect he gave to Abraham valuable gifts, and offered him a settlement in any part of his country; while at the same time he delicately and yet severely rebuked him for having practised a deception upon him in pretending that Sarah was only his sister. Among the gifts presented by the king were a thousand pieces of silver as a "covering of the eyes" for Sarah; i.e., either as an atoning gift and a testimony of her innocence in the sight of all, or rather for the purpose of procuring a veil for Sarah to conceal her beauty, and thus as a reproof to her for not having worn a veil which, as a married woman, she ought to have done. A few years after this Abimelech visited Abraham, who had removed southward beyond his territory, and there entered into a league of peace and friendship with him. This league was the first of which we have any record. It was confirmed by a mutual oath at Beer-sheba (Gen. 21:22-34). (2.) A king of Gerar in the time of Isaac, probably the son of the preceeding (Gen. 26:1-22). Isaac sought refuge in his territory during a famine, and there he acted a part with reference to his wife Rebekah similar to that of his father Abraham with reference to Sarah. Abimelech rebuked him for the deception, which he accidentally discovered. Isaac settled for a while here, and prospered. Abimelech desired him, however, to leave his territory, which Isaac did. Abimelech afterwards visited him when he was encamped at Beer-sheba, and expressed a desire to renew the covenant which had been entered into between their fathers (Gen. 26:26-31). (3.) A son of Gideon (Judg. 9:1), who was proclaimed king after the death of his father (Judg. 8:33-9:6). One of his first acts was to murder his brothers, seventy in number, "on one stone," at Ophrah. Only one named Jotham escaped. He was an unprincipled, ambitious ruler, often engaged in war with his own subjects. When engaged in reducing the town of Thebez, which had revolted, he was struck mortally on his head by a mill-stone, thrown by the hand of a woman from the wall above. Perceiving that the wound was mortal, he desired his armour-bearer to thrust him through with his sword, that it might not be said he had perished by the hand of a woman (Judg. 9:50-57). (4.) The son of Abiathar, and high priest in the time of David (1 Chr. 18:16). In the parallel passage, 2 Sam. 8:17, we have the name Ahimelech, and Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech. This most authorities consider the more correct reading. (5.) Achish, king of Gath, in the title of Ps. 34. (Comp. 1 Sam. 21:10-15.)
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SBD
(father of the king ), the name of several Philistine kings, was probably a common title of these kings, like that of Pharaoh among the Egyptians and that of Caesar and Augustus among the Romans. Hence in the title of ( Psalms 34:1 ) ... the name of Abimelech is given to the king, who is called Achish in ( 1 Samuel 21:11 ) A Philistine, king of Gerar, Genesis 20,21, who, exercising the right claimed by Eastern princes of collecting all the beautiful women of their dominions into their harem, ( Genesis 12:15 ; Esther 2:3 ) sent for and took Sarah. A similar account is given of Abrahams conduct of this occasion to that of his behavior towards Pharaoh. [ABRAHAM] (B.C. 1920.) Another king of Gerar int he time of Isaac, of whom a similar narrative is recorded in relation to Rebekah. ( Genesis 26:1 ) etc. (B.C. 1817.) Son of the judge Gideon by his Shechemite concubine. ( Judges 8:31 ) (B.C. 1322-1319.) After his fathers death he murdered all his brethren, 70 in number, with the exception of Jotham, the youngest, who concealed himself; and he then persuaded the Shechemites to elect him king. Shechem now became an independent state. After Abimelech had reigned three years, the citizens of Shechem rebelled. He was absent at the time, but he returned and quelled the insurrection. Shortly after he stormed and took Thebez, but was struck on the head by a woman with the fragment of a millstone, comp. ( 2 Samuel 11:21 ) and lest he should be said to have died by a woman, he bade his armor-bearer slay him. A son of Abiathar. ( 1 Chronicles 18:16 )
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ABIRAM |
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代表
民16:1 民16:2 民16:3 詩106:17 王上16:34 書6:26
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ISBE
a-bi-ram (abhiram, "exalted father," or, "my father is an exalted one"):
(1) The son of Eliab the son of Pallu the son of Reuben (Nu 26:5 ff; Dt 11:6). In company with his brother Dathan and Korah the Levite and others, he disputed the authority of Moses and Aaron in the wilderness (Nu 16 through 17; 26; Dt 11:6; Ps 106:17). Two hundred and fifty followers of Korah perished by fire at the doorway of the tent of meeting. Dathan and Abiram refused to come to the tent of meeting, at the summons of Moses; and the earth opened where their tents were, and swallowed them and their families and their goods.
See KORAH.
(2) The firstborn son of Hiel the Bethelite, who rebuilt Jericho in the time of Ahab (1 Ki 16:34; compare Josh 6:26). This incident has recently acquired a new interest owing to discoveries made at Gezer and Megiddo concerning foundation sacrifices as in ancient times offered in Israel. One should not be too positive in making statements concerning this, but the following is a possible interpretation of the record. The curse pronounced by Joshua on the man who should rebuild Jericho was of a piece with the other details, Jericho being treated exceptionally, as a city placed under the ban. The language of Joshuas curse is capable of being translated: `Cursed be the man before Yahweh who shall .... build .... Jericho; (who) shall lay its foundation in his firstborn, and set up its gates in his youngest. According to this interpretation the death of the builders eldest and youngest sons is not spoken of as the penalty involved in the curse, but as an existing horrible custom, mentioned in order to give solemnity to the diction of the curse. The writer in Kings cites the language of the curse by Joshua. The context in which he mentions the affair suggests that he regards Hiels conduct as exceptionally flagrant in its wickedness. Hiel, in defiance of Yahweh, not only built the city, but in building it revived the horrible old Canaanite custom, making his first-born son a foundation sacrifice, and his youngest son a sacrifice at the completion of the work.
Willis J. Beecher
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Easton
father of height; i.e., "proud." (1.) One of the sons of Eliab, who joined Korah in the conspiracy against Moses and Aaron. He and all the conspirators, with their families and possessions (except the children of Korah), were swallowed up by an earthquake (Num. 16:1-27; 26:9; Ps. 106:17). (2.) The eldest son of Hiel the Bethelite, who perished prematurely in consequence of his father's undertaking to rebuild Jericho (1 Kings 16:34), according to the words of Joshua (6:26). (See JERICHO
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HDBN
high father; father of deceit
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SBD
A Reubenite, son of Eliab, who with Korah, a Levite, organized a conspiracy against Moses and Aaron. ( Numbers 16:1 ) ... [For details, see KORAH] (B.C. 1490.) Eldest son of Hiel the bethelite, who died when his father laid the foundations of Jericho, ( 1 Kings 16:34 ) and thus accomplished the first part of the curse of Joshua. ( Joshua 6:26 ) (B.C. after 905.)
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ABIGAIL |
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撒上25:2 撒上25:3 撒上27:3 撒上30:5 代上2:16 代上2:17 撒下17:25
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Easton
father (i.e., "leader") of the dance, or "of joy." (1.) The sister of David, and wife of Jether an Ishmaelite (1 Chr. 2:16,17). She was the mother of Amasa (2 Sam. 17:25). (2.) The wife of the churlish Nabal, who dwelt in the district of Carmel (1 Sam. 25:3). She showed great prudence and delicate management at a critical period of her husband's life. She was "a woman of good understanding, and of a beautiful countenance." After Nabal's death she became the wife of David (1 Sam. 25:14-42), and was his companion in all his future fortunes (1 Sam. 27:3; 30:5; 2 Sam. 2:2). By her David had a son called Chileab (2 Sam. 3:3), elsewhere called Daniel (1 Chr. 3:1).
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SBD
(father, i.e. source, of joy ). The beautiful wife of Nabal, a wealthy owner of goats and sheep in Carmel. (B.C. 1060.) When Davids messengers were slighted by Nabal, Abigail supplies David and his followers with provisions, and succeeded in appeasing his anger. The days after this Nabal died, and David sent for Abigail and made her his wife. ( 1 Samuel 25:14 ) etc. By her he had a son, called Chileab in ( 2 Samuel 3:3 ) but Daniel in ( 1 Chronicles 3:1 ) A sister of David, married to Jether the Ishmaelite , and mother, by him , of Amasa. ( 1 Chronicles 2:17 ) In ( 2 Samuel 17:25 ) for Israelite read Ishmaelite. (B.C. 1068.)
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ABISHUR |
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ISBE
a-bi-shur (abhishur, "my father is a wall"): Great-grandson of Jerahmeel and Atarah, Jerahmeel being great-grandson of Judah. Abishur was son of Shammai, and was the husband of Abihail, and the father of sons (1 Ch 2:28,29).
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Easton
father of the wall; i.e., "mason", one of the two sons of Shammai of the tribe of Judah (1 Chr. 2:28,29).
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HDBN
father of the wall; father of uprightness
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SBD
(father of the wall ), son of Shammai. ( 1 Chronicles 2:28 )
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ABIJAH |
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代表
代上7:8 代上24:10 代下11:20 代下13:1 代下13:2 代下13:3 代下13:4
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ISBE
a-bi-ja (abhiyah or abhiyahu (2 Ch 13:20,21), "my father is Yahweh," or "Yahweh is father"): The name of six or more men and two women in the Old Testament.
(1) The seventh son of Becher the son of Benjamin (1 Ch 7:8).
(2) The second son of the prophet Samuel (1 Sam 8:2; 1 Ch 6:28 (6:13)).
(3) The eighth among "the holy captains and captains of God" appointed by lot by David in connection with the priestly courses (1 Ch 24:10). Compare "Zacharias of the course of Abijah" (Lk 1:5).
(4) A son of Jeroboam I of Israel (1 Ki 14:1-18). The narrative describes his sickness and his mothers visit to the prophet Ahijah. He is spoken of as the one member of the house of Jeroboam in whom there was "found some good thing toward Yahweh." With his death the hope of the dynasty perished.
(5) The son and successor of Rehoboam king of Judah (1 Ch 3:10; 2 Ch 11:20 through 14:1). As to the variant name Abijam (1 Ki 14:31; 15:1,7,8) see ABIJAM.
The statements concerning Abijahs mother afford great opportunity for a person who is interested in finding discrepancies in the Bible narrative. She is said to have been Maacah the daughter of Absalom (1 Ki 15:2; 2 Ch 11:20,21,22). As more than 50 years elapsed between the adolescence of Absalom and the accession of Rehoboam, the suggestion at once emerges that she may have been Absaloms daughter in the sense of being his granddaughter. But Maacha the daughter of Absalom was the mother of Asa, Abijams son and successor (1 Ki 15:10,13; 2 Ch 15:16). Further we are explicitly told that Absalom had three sons and one daughter (2 Sam 14:27). It is inferred that the three sons died young, inasmuch as Absalom before his death built him a monument because he had no son (2 Sam 18:18). The daughter was distinguished for her beauty, but her name was Tamar, not Maacah. Finally, the narrative tells us that the name of Abijahs mother was "Micaiah the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah" (2 Ch 13:2).
It is less difficult to combine all these statements into a consistent account than it would be to combine some pairs of them if taken by themselves. When all put together they make a luminous narrative, needing no help from conjectural theories of discrepant sources or textual errors. It is natural to understand that Tamar the daughter of Absalom married Uriel of Gibeah; that their daughter was Maacah, named for her great-grandmother (2 Sam 3:3; 1 Ch 3:2); that Micaiah is a variant of Maacah, as Abijah is of Abijam. Maacah married Rehoboam, the parties being second cousins on the fathers side; if they had been first cousins perhaps they would not have married. Very likely Solomon, through the marriage, hoped to conciliate an influential party in Israel which still held the name of Absalom in esteem; perhaps also he hoped to supplement the moderate abilities of Rehoboam by the great abilities of his wife. She was a brilliant woman, and Rehoboams favorite (2 Ch 11:21). On Abijahs accession she held at court the influential position of kings mother; and she was so strong that she continued to hold it, when, after a brief reign, Abijah was succeeded by Asa; though it was a position from which Asa had the authority to depose her (1 Ki 15:13; 2 Ch 15:16).
The account in Chronicles deals mainly with a decisive victory which, it says, Abijah gained over northern Israel (2 Ch 13), he having 400,000 men and Jeroboam 800,000, of whom 500,000 were slain. It is clear that these numbers are artificial, and were so intended, whatever may be the key to their meaning. Abijahs speech before the battle presents the same view of the religious situation which is presented in Kings and Amos and Hosea, though with fuller priestly details. The orthodoxy of Abijah on this one occasion is not in conflict with the representation in Kings that he followed mainly the evil ways of his father Rehoboam. In Chronicles coarse luxury and the multiplying of wives are attributed to both father and son.
(6) A priest of Nehemiahs time, who sealed the covenant (Neh 10:7). Conjecturally the same with the one mentioned in Neh 12:4,17.
(7) The wife of Judahs grandson Hezron, to whom was traced the origin of Tekoa (1 Ch 2:24).
(8) The mother of King Hezekiah (2 Ch 29:1), called Abi in 2 Ki.
See ABI.
Willis J. Beecher
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Easton
father (i.e., "possessor or worshipper") of Jehovah. (1.) 1 Chr. 7:8. (2.) 1 Chr. 2:24. (3.) The second son of Samuel (1 Sam. 8:2; 1 Chr. 6:28). His conduct, along with that of his brother, as a judge in Beer-sheba, to which office his father had appointed him, led to popular discontent, and ultimately provoked the people to demand a royal form of government. (4.) A descendant of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, a chief of one of the twenty-four orders into which the priesthood was divided by David (1 Chr. 24:10). The order of Abijah was one of those which did not return from the Captivity (Ezra 2:36-39; Neh. 7:39-42; 12:1). (5.) The son of Rehoboam, whom he succeeded on the throne of Judah (1 Chr. 3:10). He is also called Abijam (1 Kings 14:31; 15:1-8). He began his three years' reign (2 Chr. 12:16; 13:1,2) with a strenuous but unsuccessful effort to bring back the ten tribes to their allegiance. His address to "Jeroboam and all Israel," before encountering them in battle, is worthy of being specially noticed (2 Chr. 13:5-12). It was a very bloody battle, no fewer than 500,000 of the army of Israel having perished on the field. He is described as having walked "in all the sins of his father" (1 Kings 15:3; 2 Chr. 11:20-22). It is said in 1 Kings 15:2 that "his mother's name was Maachah, the daughter of Abishalom;" but in 2 Chr. 13:2 we read, "his mother's name was Michaiah, the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah." The explanation is that Maachah is just a variation of the name Michaiah, and that Abishalom is probably the same as Absalom, the son of David. It is probable that "Uriel of Gibeah" married Tamar, the daughter of Absalom (2 Sam. 14:27), and by her had Maachah. The word "daughter" in 1 Kings 15:2 will thus, as it frequently elsewhere does, mean grand-daughter. (6.) A son of Jeroboam, the first king of Israel. On account of his severe illness when a youth, his father sent his wife to consult the prophet Ahijah regarding his recovery. The prophet, though blind with old age, knew the wife of Jeroboam as soon as she approached, and under a divine impulse he announced to her that inasmuch as in Abijah alone of all the house of Jeroboam there was found "some good thing toward the Lord," he only would come to his grave in peace. As his mother crossed the threshold of the door on her return, the youth died, and "all Israel mourned for him" (1 Kings 14:1-18). (7.) The daughter of Zechariah (2 Chr. 29:1; comp. Isa. 8:2), and afterwards the wife of Ahaz. She is also called Abi (2 Kings 18:2). (8.) One of the sons of Becher, the son of Benjamin (1 Chr. 7:8). "Abiah," A.V.
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HDBN
the Lord is my father
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SBD
or Abijam (my father is Jehovah ). Son and successor of Rehoboam on the throne of Judah. ( 1 Kings 4:21 ; 2 Chronicles 12:16 ) He is called ABIJAH in Chronicles, ABIJAM in Kings. He began to reign B.C. 959, and reigned three years. He endeavored to recover the kingdom of the Ten Tribes, and made war on Jeroboam. He was successful in battle, and took several of the cities of Israel. We are told that he walked in all the sins of Rehoboam. ( 1 Kings 14:23 1 Kings 14:24 ) The second son of Samuel, called ABIA H ABIA H in our version. [ABIA, ABIA H ABIA H, No. 3] Son of Jeroboam I., king of Israel; died in his childhood. ( 1 Kings 14:1 ) ... A descendant of Eleazar, who gave his name to the eighth of the 24 courses into which the priests were divided by David. ( 1 Chronicles 24:10 ; 2 Chronicles 8:14 ; Nehemiah 12:4 Nehemiah 12:17 ) One of the priests who entered into a covenant with Nehemiah to walk in Gods law, ( Nehemiah 10:7 ) unless the name is rather that of a family, and the same with the preceding.
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ABDON |
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Easton
servile. (1.) The son of Hillel, a Pirathonite, the tenth judge of Israel (Judg. 12:13-15). He is probably the Bedan of 1 Sam. 12:11. (2.) The first-born of Gibeon of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Chr. 8:30; 9:36). (3.) The son of Micah, one of those whom Josiah sent to the prophetess Huldah to ascertain from her the meaning of the recently discovered book of the law (2 Chr. 34:20). He is called Achbor in 2 Kings 22:12. (4.) One of the "sons" of Shashak (1 Chr. 8:23). This is the name also of a Levitical town of the Gershonites, in the tribe of Asher (Josh. 21:30; 1 Chr. 6:74). The ruins of Abdeh, some 8 miles north-east of Accho, probably mark its site.
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HDBN
servant; cloud of judgment
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SBD
(servile ). A judge of Israel, ( Judges 12:13 Judges 12:15 ) perhaps the same person as Bedan, in ( 1 Samuel 12:11 ) (B.C. 1233-1225). Son of Shashak. ( 1 Chronicles 8:23 ) First-born son of Jehiel, son of Gideon. ( 1 Chronicles 8:30 ; 1 Chronicles 9:35 1 Chronicles 9:36 ). Son of Micah, a contemporary of Josiah, ( 2 Chronicles 34:20 ) called Achbor in ( 2 Kings 22:12 ) (B.C. 628.) A city in the tribe if Asher, given to the Gershonites, ( Joshua 21:30 ; 1 Chronicles 6:74 ) the modern Abdeh, 10 miles northeast of Accho.
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ARPHAXAD |
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ISBE
ar-fak-sad: (1) the King James Version form (Gen 10:22,24; 11:12,13; 1 Ch 1:17) of the Revised Version (British and American) ARPACHSHAD, which see. See also TABLE OF NATIONS. (2) In Apocrypha (Judith 1) a king of the Medes, who reigned in Ecbatana. He was defeated and slain by Nebuchadrezzar.
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Easton
son of Shem, born the year after the Deluge. He died at the age of 438 years (Gen. 11:10-13; 1 Chr. 1:17, 18; Luke 3:36). He dwelt in Mesopotamia, and became, according to the Jewish historian Josephus, the progenitor of the Chaldeans. The tendency is to recognize in the word the name of the country nearest the ancient domain of the Chaldeans. Some regard the word as an Egypticized form of the territorial name of Ur Kasdim, or Ur of the Chaldees.
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HDBN
a healer; a releaser
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SBD
(stronghold of the Chaldees ). The son of Shem and ancestor of Eber. ( Genesis 10:22 Genesis 10:24 ; 11:10 ) Arphaxad, a king "who reigned over the Medes in Ecbatana," Judith 1:1-4; perhaps the same as Phraortes, who fell in a battle with the Assyrians, 633 B.C.
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ISBE - 國際標準聖經百科全書 (International Standard Bible Encyclopedia)
Easton - Easton's Bible Dictionary
HBND - Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
SBD - Smith's Bible Dictionary
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NIV
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