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英文名字 |
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代表經文 |
Nave's Topical Bible |
ISBE |
Easton |
HBND |
SDB |
| 撒路 |
SALLU |
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Easton
weighed. (1.) A priest (Neh. 12:7). (2.) A Benjamite (1 Chr. 9:7; Neh. 11:7).
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| 撒迦 |
ZACHER |
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Easton
memorial, a son of Jehiel (1 Chr. 8:31; 9:35); called Zechariah (9:37).
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SBD
(memorial ), one of the sons of Jehiel, the father or founder of Gibeon, by his wife Maachah. ( 1 Chronicles 8:31 ) (B.C. about 1450.)
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| 撒迦利亞 |
ZACHARIAH |
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代表
代上8:31 代上9:37 代上9:21 代上9:22 代上26:2 代上26:11 代上26:14 代上15:18 代上15:20 代上16:5 代上15:24 代上27:21 代下20:14 代下17:7 代下21:2代下24:20 代下24:21 代下24:22 代下26:5 王下14:29 王下15:8 王下15:9 王下15:10 王下15:11 王下15:12 代上5:7 賽8:2 王下18:2 代下29:13 代下35:8 代下34:12 尼11:5 尼11:4 尼11:12 拉8:3 拉
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ISBE
zak-a-ri-a (Zacharias; the King James Version, Zacharias):
(1) The son of Barachiah, who, Jesus says, was slain between the temple and the altar (Mt 23:35; Lk 11:51). The allusion seems to be to the murder of Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada (2 Ch 24:20 ff). In this case "Barachiah" would seem to be a gloss which has crept into the text through confusion with the name of the father of the prophet Zechariah, BERECHIAH (which see).
(2) See ZECHARIAH.
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Easton
remembered by the Lord. (1.) Son of Jeroboam II., king of Israel. On the death of his father there was an interregnum of ten years, at the end of which he succeeded to the throne, which he occupied only six months, having been put to death by Shallum, who usurped the throne. "He did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, as his fathers had done" (2 Kings 14:29; 15:8-12). In him the dynasty of Jehu came to an end. (2.) The father of Abi, who was the mother of Hezekiah (2 Kings 18:2).
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SBD
(remembered by Jehovah ), or properly Zechariah. Son of Jeroboam II., fourteenth king of Israel, and the last of the house of Jehu. There is a difficulty about the date of his reign. Most chronologers assume an interregnum of eleven years between Jeroboams death and Zachariahs accession. The latter event took place B.C. 772-1. His reign lasted only six months. He was killed in a conspiracy of which Shallum was the head, and by which the prophecy in ( 2 Kings 10:30 ) was accomplished, The father of Abi or Abijah, Hezekiahs mother. ( 2 Kings 18:2 )
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| 撒迦利亞 |
ZACHARIAS |
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Easton
(1.) A priest of the course of Abia, the eighth of the twenty-four courses into which the priests had been originally divided by David (1 Chr. 23:1-19). Only four of these courses or "families" of the priests returned from the Exile (Ezra 2:36-39); but they were then re-distributed under the old designations. The priests served at the temple twice each year, and only for a week each time. Zacharias's time had come for this service. During this period his home would be one of the chambers set apart for the priests on the sides of the temple ground. The offering of incense was one of the most solemn parts of the daily worship of the temple, and lots were drawn each day to determine who should have this great honour, an honour which no priest could enjoy more than once during his lifetime. While Zacharias ministered at the golden altar of incense in the holy place, it was announced to him by the angel Gabriel that his wife Elisabeth, who was also of a priestly family, now stricken in years, would give birth to a son who was to be called John, and that he would be the forerunner of the long-expected Messiah (Luke 1:12-17). As a punishment for his refusing to believe this message, he was struck dumb and "not able to speak until the day that these things should be performed" (20). Nine months passed away, and Elisabeth's child was born, and when in answer to their inquiry Zacharias wrote on a "writing tablet," "His name is John," his mouth was opened, and he praised God (60-79). The child (John the Baptist), thus "born out of due time," "waxed strong in spirit" (1:80). (2.) The "son of Barachias," mentioned as having been slain between the temple and the altar (Matt. 23:35; Luke 11:51). "Barachias" here may be another name for Jehoiada, as some think. (See ZECHARIAH
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SBD
(Greek form of Zechariah ). Father of John the Baptist. ( Luke 1:5 ) etc. He was a priest of the course of Abia. the eighth of the twenty-four courses who ministered at the temple in turn. He probably lived at Hebron. His wifes name was Elisabeth. John was born to them in their old age, and the promise of this son was communicated to Zacharias by an angel while he was offering incense and praying in the temple. Son of Barachias, who, our Lord says, was slain by the Jews between the altar and the temple. ( Matthew 23:35 ; Luke 11:61 ) There has been much dispute who this Zacharias was. Many of the Greek fathers have maintained that the father of John the Baptist is the person to whom our Lord alludes but there can be little or no doubt that the allusion is to Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, ( 2 Chronicles 24:20 2 Chronicles 24:21 ) and he may have been called "the son" of Barachias from his grandfather. (B.C. 838.) He is mentioned as being the martyr last recorded in the Hebrew Scriptures (as Abel was the first) -d Chronicles being the last book in their canon. indicates this entry was also found in Easton's Bible Dictionary
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| 撒迦利雅 |
ZECHARIAH |
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Easton
Jehovah is renowned or remembered. (1.) A prophet of Judah, the eleventh of the twelve minor prophets. Like Ezekiel, he was of priestly extraction. He describes himself (1:1) as "the son of Berechiah." In Ezra 5:1 and 6:14 he is called "the son of Iddo," who was properly his grandfather. His prophetical career began in the second year of Darius (B.C. 520), about sixteen years after the return of the first company from exile. He was contemporary with Haggai (Ezra 5:1). His book consists of two distinct parts, (1) chapters 1 to 8, inclusive, and (2) 9 to the end. It begins with a preface (1:1-6), which recalls the nation's past history, for the purpose of presenting a solemn warning to the present generation. Then follows a series of eight visions (1:7-6:8), succeeding one another in one night, which may be regarded as a symbolical history of Israel, intended to furnish consolation to the returned exiles and stir up hope in their minds. The symbolical action, the crowning of Joshua (6:9-15), describes how the kingdoms of the world become the kingdom of God's Christ. Chapters 7 and 8, delivered two years later, are an answer to the question whether the days of mourning for the destruction of the city should be any longer kept, and an encouraging address to the people, assuring them of God's presence and blessing. The second part of the book (ch. 9-14) bears no date. It is probable that a considerable interval separates it from the first part. It consists of two burdens. The first burden (ch. 9-11) gives an outline of the course of God's providential dealings with his people down to the time of the Advent. The second burden (ch. 12-14) points out the glories that await Israel in "the latter day", the final conflict and triumph of God's kingdom. (2.) The son or grandson of Jehoiada, the high priest in the times of Ahaziah and Joash. After the death of Jehoiada he boldly condemned both the king and the people for their rebellion against God (2 Chr. 24:20), which so stirred up their resentment against him that at the king's commandment they stoned him with stones, and he died "in the court of the house of the Lord" (24:21). Christ alludes to this deed of murder in Matt. 23:35, Luke 11:51. (See ZACHARIAS
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SBD
The eleventh in order of the twelve minor prophets. He is called in his prophecy the son of Berechiah and the grandson of Iddo, whereas in the book of Ezra, ( Ezra 5:1 ; 6:14 ) he is said to have been the son of Iddo. It is natural to suppose as the prophet himself mentions his fathers name, whereas the book of Ezra mentions only Iddo, that Berechiah had died early, and that there was now no intervening link between the grandfather and the grandson. Zechariah, like Jeremiah and Ezekiel before him, was priest as well as prophet. He seems to have entered upon his office while yet young, ( Zechariah 2:4 ) and must have been born in Babylon whence he returned with the first caravan of exiles under Zerubbabel and Jeshua. It was in the eighth month, in the second year of Darius, that he first publicly discharged his office. In this he acted in concert with Haggai. Both prophets had the same great object before them; both directed all their energies to the building of the second temple. To their influence we find the rebuilding of the temple in a great measure ascribed. If the later Jewish accounts may be trusted, Zechariah, as well as Haggai, was a member of the Great Synagogue. The genuine writings of Zechariah help us but little in our estimate of his character. Some faint traces, however, we may observe in them, of his education in Babylon. He leans avowedly on the authority of the older prophets, and copies their expressions. Jeremiah especially seems to have been his favorite; and hence the Jewish saying that "the spirit of Jeremiah dwelt in Zechariah." But in what may be called the peculiarities of his prophecy, he approaches more nearly to Ezekiel and Daniel. Like them he delights in visions; like them he uses symbols and allegories rather than the bold figures and metaphors which lend so much force and beauty to the writings of the earlier prophets. Generally speaking, Zechariahs style is pure, and remarkably free from Chaldaisms. Son of Meshelemiah or Shelemiah a Korhite, and keeper of the north gate of the tabernacle of the congregation, ( 1 Chronicles 9:21 ) (B.C. 1043.) One of the sons of Jehiel. ( 1 Chronicles 9:37 ) A Levite of the second order in the temple band as arranged by David, appointed to play "with psalteries on Alamoth." ( 1 Chronicles 15:18 1 Chronicles 15:20 ) (B.C. 1043.) One of the princes of Judah in the reign of Jehoshaphat. ( 2 Chronicles 17:7 ) (B.C. 910.) Son of the high priest Jehoiada, in the reign of Joash king of Judah ( 2 Chronicles 24:20 ) and therefore the kings cousin. After the death of Jehoiada, Zechariah probably succeeded to his office, and in attempting to check the reaction in favor of idolatry which immediately followed he fell a victim to a conspiracy formed against him by the king, and was stoned in the court of the temple. He is probably the same as the "Zacharias son of Barachias" who was slain between the temple and the altar. ( Matthew 23:35 ) [ZACHARIAS, No. 2] (B.C. 838.) A Kohathite Levite in the reign of Josiah. ( 2 Chronicles 34:12 ) (B.C. 628.) The leader of the sons of Pharosh who returned with Ezra. ( Ezra 8:3 ) (B.C. 450.) Son of Behai. ( Ezra 8:11 ) One of the chiefs of the people whom Ezra summoned in council at the river Ahava. ( Ezra 8:16 ) He stood at Ezras left hand when he expounded the law to the people. ( Nehemiah 8:4 ) (B.C. 459.) One of the family of Elam who had married a foreign wife after the captivity. ( Ezra 10:26 ) (B.C.458.) Ancestor of Athaiah or Uthai. ( Nehemiah 11:4 ) A Shilonite, descendant of Perez. ( Nehemiah 11:5 ) A priest, son of Pashur. ( Nehemiah 11:12 ) The representative of the priestly family of Iddo in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua. ( Nehemiah 12:16 ) (B.C. 536.) possibly the same as Zechariah the prophet, the son of Iddo. One of the priests, son of Jonathan, who blew with the trumpets at the dedication of the city wall by Ezra and Nehemiah. ( Nehemiah 12:36 Nehemiah 12:41 ) (B.C. 446.) A chief of the Reubenites at the time of the captivity by Tiglath-pileser. ( 1 Chronicles 5:7 ) (B.C. 740.) One of the priests who accompanied the ark from the house of Obed-edom. ( 1 Chronicles 15:24 ) (B.C. 1043.) Son of Isshiah or Jesiah, a Kohathite Levite descended from Uzziel. ( 1 Chronicles 24:25 ) (B.C. 1043.) Fourth son of Hosah of the children of Merari. ( 1 Chronicles 26:11 ) A Manassite. ( 1 Chronicles 27:21 1 Chronicles 27:22 ) The father of Jahaziel. ( 2 Chronicles 20:14 ) One of the sons of Jehoshaphat. ( 2 Chronicles 21:2 ) A prophet in the reign of Uzziah who appears to have acted as the kings counsellor, but of whom nothing is known. ( 2 Chronicles 26:5 ) (B.C. 807.) The father of Abijah or Abi, Hezekiahs mother. ( 2 Chronicles 29:1 ) One of the family of Asaph in the reign of Hezekiah. ( 2 Chronicles 29:13 ) (B.C. 727.) One of the rulers of the temple in the reign of Josiah. ( 2 Chronicles 35:8 ) (B.C. 628.) The son of Jeberechiah, who was taken by the prophet Isaiah as one of the "faithful witnesses to record," when he wrote concerning Maher-shalal-hash-baz. ( Isaiah 8:2 ) (B.C. 723.) He may have been the Levite of the same name who in the reign of Hezekiah assisted in the purification of the temple. ( 2 Chronicles 29:13 ) Another conjecture is that he is the same as Zechariah the father of Abijah, the queen of Ahaz.
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ZALMON |
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代表
得4:20 得4:21 撒下23:28 代上2:11 太1:4 太1:5 路3:32
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ISBE
zal-mon (tsalmon; Selmon, oros Ermon; the King James Version Salmon (Ps 68:14)):
(1) From the slopes of Mt. Zalmon, Abimelech and his followers gathered the wood with which they burned down "the stronghold of the house of El-berith," which may have been the citadel of Shechem (Jdg 9:46). The mountain therefore was not far from the city; but no name resembling this has yet been recovered in Mt. Ephraim. It is just possible that in the modern Arabic name of Mt. Ebal, es-Sulemiyeh, there may be an echo of Zalmon. It is precisely to this mountain, especially to the western slopes, that one would expect Abimelech and his people to go for the purpose in view. The name occurs again in Ps 68:14, a passage of admitted difficulty. Snow in Israel is mainly associated with Mt. Hermon, where it may be seen nearly all the year round; hence, doubtless the Greek reading "Mt. Hermon" in Judges. But snow is well known among the uplands in winter; and the Psalmist may simply have meant that the kings were scattered like snowflakes in the wind on Mt. Zalmon. We need not therefore look to Bashan or elsewhere for the mountain. The locality is fixed by the narrative in Jgs.
(2) One of Davids heroes (2 Sam 23:28).
See ILAI.
W. Ewing
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Easton
shady. (1.) One of David's warriors, called the Ahohite (2 Sam. 23:28); called also Ilai (1 Chr. 11:29). (2.) A wood near Shechem, from which Abimelech and his party brought boughs and "put them to the hold" of Shechem, "and set the hold on fire" (Judg. 9:48). Probably the southern peak of Gerizim, now called Jebel Sulman. (See SALMON
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HDBN
his shade; his image
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SBD
(shady ), an Ahohite one of Davids guard. ( 2 Samuel 23:28 )
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SAPPHIRA |
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徒5:1 徒5:2 徒5:3 徒5:4 徒5:5 徒5:6 徒5:7 徒5:8 徒5:9 徒5:10
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ISBE
sa-fi-ra (shappira; Aramaic for either "beautiful" or "sapphire"; Sappheira): Wife of Ananias (Acts 5:1-10).
See ANANIAS, (1).
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Easton
beautiful, the wife of Ananias (q.v.). She was a partner in his guilt and also in his punishment (Acts 5:1-11).
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HDBN
that relates or tells
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SHEAR-JASHUB |
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ISBE
she-ar-ja-shub or jash-ub (shear yashubh, "a remnant shall return"; Septuagint ho kataleiphtheis Iasoub): The son of Isaiah, who accompanied him when he set out to meet Ahaz (Isa 7:3). The name like that of other children of prophets (compare "Immanuel," "Mahershalal-hash-baz," "Lo-ruhamah," etc.) is symbolic of a message which the prophet wishes to emphasize. Thus Isaiah uses the very words shear yashubh to express his oft-repeated statement that a remnant of Israel will return to Yahweh (Isa 10:21).
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Easton
a remnant shall escape or return (i.e., to God), a symbolical name which the prophet Isaiah gave to his son (Isa. 7:3), perhaps his eldest son.
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HDBN
the remnant shall return
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SBD
(lit. a remnant shall return ), the symbolical name of the son of Isaiah the prophet. ( Isaiah 7:3 )
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SHIPHRAH |
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ISBE
shif-ra (shiphrah, "fairness," "beauty";. Septuagint Sepphora, the rendering also of tsipporah, in Ex 2:21): The name of one of the Hebrew midwives (Ex 1:15).
See also ZIPPORAH.
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Easton
beauty, one of the Egyptian midwives (Ex. 1:15).
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HDBN
handsome; trumpet; that does good
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SBD
(brightness ), ( Exodus 1:15 ) the name of one of the two midwives of the Hebrews who disobeyed the command of Pharaoh to kill the mule children. vs. ( Exodus 1:15-21 ) (B.C. 1570.)
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| 施提賽 |
SHITRAI |
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ISBE
shit-ri, shit-ra-i, shit-ra-i (shiTray): A Sharonite, Davids chief shepherd (1 Ch 27:29).
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SHILSHAH |
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ISBE
shil-sha shilshah; Codex Vaticanus and Codex Alexandrinus Saleisa; Lucian, Selemsan): An Asherite (1 Ch 7:37).
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HDBN
three; chief; captain
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SBD
(strong ), son of Zophah of the tribe of Asher. ( 1 Chronicles 7:37 ) (B.C. before 1015.)
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IBSARN |
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| 易多 |
LDDO |
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王上4:14 代上6:21 拉5:1 亞1:1 亞1:2 亞1:3 亞1:4 亞1:5 亞1:6 亞1:7 亞1:8 亞1:9 亞1:10 亞1:11 亞1:12 亞1:13 亞1:14 亞1:15 亞1:16 亞1:17 亞1:18 亞1:19 亞1:20 亞1:21 代上17:21 拉10:43 代下9:19 尼12:16 拉8:17
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PUL |
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ISBE
pul:
(1) An Assyrian king (2 Ki 15:19).
See TIGLATH-PILESER.
(2) An African country and people (Isa 66:19).
See PUT.
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Easton
(1.) An Assyrian king. It has been a question whether he was identical with Tiglath-pileser III. (q.v.), or was his predecessor. The weight of evidence is certainly in favour of their identity. Pul was the throne-name he bore in Babylonia as king of Babylon, and Tiglath-pileser the throne-name he bore as king of Assyria. He was the founder of what is called the second Assyrian empire. He consolidated and organized his conquests on a large scale. He subdued Northern Syria and Hamath, and the kings of Syria rendered him homage and paid him tribute. His ambition was to found in Western Asia a kingdom which should embrace the whole civilized world, having Nineveh as its centre. Menahem, king of Israel, gave him the enormous tribute of a thousand talents of silver, "that his hand might be with him" (2 Kings 15:19; 1 Chr. 5:26). The fact that this tribute could be paid showed the wealthy condition of the little kingdom of Israel even in this age of disorder and misgovernment. Having reduced Syria, he turned his arms against Babylon, which he subdued. The Babylonian king was slain, and Babylon and other Chaldean cities were taken, and Pul assumed the title of "King of Sumer [i.e., Shinar] and Accad." He was succeeded by Shalmanezer IV. (2.) A geographical name in Isa. 66:19. Probably = Phut (Gen. 10:6; Jer. 46:9, R.V. "Put;" Ezek. 27:10).
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SBD
(lord ), a country or nation mentioned in ( Isaiah 66:19 ) It is spoken of with distant nations, and is supposed by some to represent the island Philae in Egypt, and by others Libya.
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PURAH |
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ISBE
pu-ra (purah, "branch"): Gideons "servant," literally, "young man," i.e. armor-bearer (Jdg 7:10 f, the King James Version "Phurah").
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PHUVAH |
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SBD
(mouth ), one of the sons of Issachar, ( Genesis 46:13 ) and founder of the family of the Punites.
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PUAH |
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Easton
splendid. (1.) One of the two midwives who feared God, and refused to kill the Hebrew male children at their birth (Ex. 1:15-21). (2.) A descendant of Issachar (Judg. 10:1).
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HDBN
mouth; corner; bush of hair
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SBD
(splendid ). The father of Tola, a man of the tribe of Issachar and judge of Israel after Abimelech. ( Judges 10:1 ) (B.C. 1211.) The son of Issachar, ( 1 Chronicles 7:1 ) elsewhere called Phuvah and Pua. One of the two midwives to whom Pharaoh gave instructions to kill the Hebrew male children at their birth. ( Exodus 1:15 ) (B.C. 1571.)
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PUTIEL |
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ISBE
pu-ti-el (puTiel, "contemned by El"): Father of the wife of Eleazar, Aarons son, and thus grandfather of Phinehas, Eleazars son (Ex 6:25).
See PHINEHAS, (3).
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PUAH |
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出1:15 出1:16 出1:17 出1:18 出1:19 出1:20
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Easton
splendid. (1.) One of the two midwives who feared God, and refused to kill the Hebrew male children at their birth (Ex. 1:15-21). (2.) A descendant of Issachar (Judg. 10:1).
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HDBN
mouth; corner; bush of hair
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SBD
(splendid ). The father of Tola, a man of the tribe of Issachar and judge of Israel after Abimelech. ( Judges 10:1 ) (B.C. 1211.) The son of Issachar, ( 1 Chronicles 7:1 ) elsewhere called Phuvah and Pua. One of the two midwives to whom Pharaoh gave instructions to kill the Hebrew male children at their birth. ( Exodus 1:15 ) (B.C. 1571.)
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AMPLIAS |
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ISBE
am-pli-as (Textus Receptus Amplias), the King James Version form: a contraction of AMPLIATUS (thus, the Revised Version (British and American); which see).
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Easton
a Roman Christian saluted by Paul (Rom. 16:8).
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SBD
(large ), a Christian at Rome. ( Romans 16:8 ) (A.D. 55.)
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| 暗利 |
OMRI |
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王上16:15 王上16:16 王上16:17 王上16:18 王上16:19 代上7:8 代上9:4 代上27:18
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ISBE
om-ri (`omri; Septuagint Ambri; Assyrian "Chumri" and "Chumria"):
(1) The 6th king of Northern Israel, and founder of the IIIrd Dynasty which reigned for nearly 50 years. Omri reigned 12 years, circa 887-876 BC. The historical sources of his reign are contained in 1 Ki 16:15-28; 20:34, the Moabite Stone, Assyrian inscriptions, and in the published accounts of recent excavations in Samaria. In spite of the brief passage given to Omri in the Old Testament, he was one of the most important of the military kings of Northern Israel.
1. His Accession:
Omri is first mentioned as an officer in the army of Elah, which was engaged in the siege of the Philistine town of Gibbethon. While Omri was thus engaged, Zimri, another officer of Elahs army, conspired against the king, whom he assassinated in a drunken debauch, exterminating at the same time the remnant of the house of Baasha. The conspiracy evidently lacked the support of the people, for the report that Zimri had usurped the throne no sooner reached the army at Gibbethon, than the people proclaimed Omri, the more powerful military leader, king over Israel. Omri lost not a moment, but leaving Gibbethon in the hands of the Philistines, he marched to Tirzah, which he besieged and captured, while Zimri perished in the flames of the palace to which he had set fire with his own hands (1 Ki 16:18). Omri, however, had still another opponent in Tibni the son of Ginath, who laid claim to the throne and who was supported in his claims by his brother Joram (1 Ki 16:22 Septuagint) and by a large number of the people. Civil war-followed this rivalry for the throne, which seems to have lasted for a period of four years (compare 1 Ki 16:15, with 16:23 and 29) before Omri gained full control.
Omris military ability is seen from his choice of Samaria as the royal residence and capital of the Northern Kingdom. This step may have been suggested to Omri by his own easy conquest of Tirzah, the former capital. Accordingly, he purchased the hill Shomeron of Shemer for two talents of silver, about $4,352.00 in American money. The conical hill, which rose from the surrounding plain to the height of 400 ft., and on the top of which there was room for a large city, was capable of easy defense.
2. The Founding of Samaria:
The superior strategic importance of Samaria is evidenced by the sieges it endured repeatedly by the Syrians and Assyrians. It was finally taken by Sargon in 722, after the siege had lasted for 3 years. That the Northern Kingdom endured as long as it did was due largely to the strength of its capital. With the fall of Samaria, the nation fell.
Recent excavations in Samaria under the direction of Harvard University throw new light upon the ancient capital of Israel. The first results were the uncovering of massive foundation walls of a large building, including a stairway 80 ft. wide. This building, which is Roman in architecture, is supposed to have been a temple, the work of Herod. Under this Roman building was recovered a part of a massive Hebrew structure, believed to be the palace of Omri and Ahab. During the year 1910 the explorations revealed a building covering 1 1/2 acres of ground. Four periods of construction were recognized, which, on archaeological grounds, were tentatively assigned to the reigns of Omri, Ahab, Jehu, and Jeroboam II. See SAMAIAS and articles by David G. Lyon in Harvard Theological Review, IV, 1911; JBL, V, xxx, Part I, 1911; PEFS, 1911, 79-83.
3. His Foreign Policy:
Concerning Omris foreign policy the Old Testament is silent beyond a single hint contained in 1 Ki 20:34. Here we learn that he had to bow before the stronger power of Syria. It is probable that Ben-hadad I besieged Samaria shortly after it was built, for he forced Omri to make "streets" in the city for the Syrians. It is probable, too, that at this time Ramoth-gilead was lost to the Syrians. Evidently Omri, was weakened in his foreign policy at the beginning of his reign by the civil conflict engendered by his accession. However, he showed strength of character in his dealings with foreign powers. At least he regained control over the northern part of Moab, as we learn from the Moabite Stone. Lines 4-8 tell us that "Omri was king of Israel and afflicted Moab many days because Chemosh was angry with his land. .... Omri obtained possession of the land of Medeba and dwelt therein during his days and half the days of his son, forty years. "
Omri was the first king of Israel to pay tribute to the Assyrians under their king Asurnacirpal III, in 876 BC. From the days of Shalmaneser II (860 BC) down to the time of Sargon (722 BC), Northern Israel was known to the Assyrians as "the land of the house of Omri." On Shalmanesers black obelisk, Jehu, who overthrew the dynasty of Omri, is called Jauaabal Chumri, "Jehu son of Omri."
Omri entered into an alliance with the Phoenicians by the marriage of his son Ahab to Jezebel, daughter of Ethbaal, king of the Sidonians. This may have been done as protection against the powers from the East, and as such would have seemed to be a wise political move, but it was one fraught with evil for Israel.
4. His Religious Influence and Death:
Although Omri laid the foundation of a strong kingdom, he failed to impart to it the vitalizing and rejuvenating force of a healthy spiritual religion. The testimony of 1 Ki 16:25,26, that he "dealt wickedly above all that were before him," coupled with the reference to "the statutes of Omri" in Mic 6:16, indicates that he may have had a share in substituting foreign religions for the worship of Yahweh, and therefore the unfavorable light in which he is regarded is justified. Upon his death, Omri was succeeded upon the throne by his son Ahab, to whom was left the task of shaking off the Syrian yoke, and who went beyond his father in making the Phoenician influence along with Baalism of prime importance in Israel, thus leading the nation into the paths that hastened its downfall.
(2) A Benjamite, son of Becher (1 Ch 7:8).
(3) A Judahite, descendant of Perez, who lived at Jerusalem (1 Ch 9:4).
(4) A prince of Issachar in the time of David (1 Ch 27:18).
S. K. Mosiman
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Easton
servant of Jehovah. When Elah was murdered by Zimri at Tirzah (1 Kings 16:15-27), Omri, his captain, was made king (B.C. 931). For four years there was continued opposition to his reign, Tibni, another claimant to the throne, leading the opposing party; but at the close of that period all his rivals were defeated, and he became king of Israel, "Tibni died and Omri reigned" (B.C. 927). By his vigour and power he gained great eminence and consolidated the kingdom. He fixed his dynasty on the throne so firmly that it continued during four succeeding reigns. Tirza was for six years the seat of his government. He then removed the capital to Samaria (q.v.), where he died, and was succeeded by his son Ahab. "He wrought evil in the eyes of the Lord, and did worse than all that were before him." Beth-omri, "the house" or "city of Omri," is the name usually found on Assyrian inscriptions for Samaria. In the stele of Mesha (the "Moabite stone"), which was erected in Moab about twenty or thirty years after Omri's death, it is recorded that Omri oppressed Moab till Mesha delivered the land: "Omri, king of Israel, oppressed Moab many days, for Chemosh was angry with his land. His son succeeded him, and he also said, I will oppress Moab" (comp. 2 Kings 1:1; 3:4, 5). The "Moabite stone" also records that "Omri took the land of Medeba, and occupied it in his day and in the days of his son forty years."
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SBD
(pupil of Jehovah ). Originally "captain of the host" to Elah, was afterward himself king of Israel, and founder of the third dynasty. (B.C. 926.) Omri was engaged in the siege of Gibbethon situated in the tribe of Dan, which had been occupied by the Philistines. As soon as the army heard of Elahs death they proclaimed Omri king. Thereupon he broke up the siege of Gibbethon and attacked Tirzah, where Zimri was holding his court as king of Israel. The city was taken, and Zimri perished in the flames of the palace, after a reign of seven days. Omri, however, was not allowed to establish his dynasty without a struggle against Tibni, whom "half the people," ( 1 Kings 16:21 ) desired to raise to the throne. The civil war lasted four years. Comp. ( 1 Kings 16:15 ) with 1Kin 16:23 After the defeat sad death of Tibni, Omri reigned for six years in Tirzah. At Samaria Omri reigned for six years more. He seems to have been a vigorous and unscrupulous ruler, anxious to strengthen his dynasty by intercourse and alliances with foreign states. One of the sons of Becher the son of Benjamin. ( 1 Chronicles 7:8 ) A descendant of Pharez the son of Judah, ( 1 Chronicles 9:4 ) Son of Michael, and chief of the tribe of Issachar in the reign of David. ( 1 Chronicles 27:18 ) (B.C. 1030.)
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| 暗嫩 |
AMNON |
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ISBE
am-non (amnon, "faithful"; compare aminon, 2 Sam 13:20, which is probably a diminutive. Wellhausen (IJG, II, 24, note 2) resolves amiynown into immi, and nun, "my mother is the serpent"; compare NUN):
(1) The eldest son of David and Ahinoam, the Jezreelites (compare 2 Sam 3:2). As the crown prince and heir presumptive to the throne, he was intensely hated by Absalom, who was, therefore, doubly eager to revenge the outrage committed by Amnon upon his sister Tamar (2 Sam 3:2; 13:1 ff, 1 Ch 3:1).
(2) A name in the genealogy of Judah (1 Ch 4:20).
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Easton
faithful. (1.) One of the sons of Shammai, of the children of Ezra (1 Chr. 4:20; comp. 17). (2.) The eldest son of David, by Ahinoam of Jezreel (1 Chr. 3:1; 2 Sam. 3:2). Absalom caused him to be put to death for his great crime in the matter of Tamar (2 Sam. 13:28, 29).
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HDBN
faithful and true; tutor
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SBD
(faithful ). Eldest son of David. (B.C. 1052.) He dishonored his half-sister Tamar, and was in consequence murdered by her brother. ( 2 Samuel 13:1-29 ) Son of Shimon. ( 1 Chronicles 4:20 )
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| 暗拉非 |
AMRAPHEL |
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代表
創14:1 創14:2 創14:3 創14:4 創14:5 創14:6 創14:7 創14:8 創14:9
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ISBE
am-ra-fel, am-ra-fel (amraphel, or, perhaps better, ameraphel).
1. The Expedition Against Sodom and Gomorrah:
This name, which is identified with that of the renowned Babylonian king Hammurabi (which see), is only found in Gen 14:1,9, where he is mentioned as the king of Shinar (Babylonia), who fought against the cities of the plain, in alliance with Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Nations (the Revised Version (British and American) GOIIM). The narrative which follows is very circumstantial. From it we learn, that Bera king of Sodom, Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela or Zoar, had served Chedorlaomer for 12 years, rebelled in the 13th, and in the 14th year Chedorlaomer, with the kings enumerated, fought with and defeated them in the vale of Siddim, which is described as being the Salt Sea. Previous to this engagement, however, the Elamites and their allies had attacked the Rephaim (Onkelos: "giants") in Ashtaroth-karnaim, the Zuzim (O: "mighty ones," "heroes") in Ham (O: Chamta), the Emim (O: "terrible ones") in Shaveh-kiriathaim, and the Horites in their Mount Seir, by the Desert. These having been rendered powerless to aid the revolted vassals, they returned and came to Enmishpat, or Kadesh, attacked the country of the Amalekites, and the Amorites dwelling in Hazazontamar (Gen 14:2-7).
2. The Preparation and the Attack:
At this juncture the kings of the cities of the plain came out against them, and opposed them with their battle-array in the vale of Siddim. The result of the fight was, that the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah, with their allies, fled, and fell among the bitumen-pits of which the place was full, whilst those who got away took refuge in the mountain. All the goods and food (the camp-equipment and supplies) of the kings of the plain were captured by Chedorlaomer and his allies, who then continued their march (to their own lands) (Gen 14:8-11).
3. Abrahams Rescue of Lot:
Among the captives, however, was Lot, Abrams nephew, who dwelt in Sodom. A fugitive, having escaped, went and announced the result of the engagement to Abram, who was at that time living by Mamres oak plantation. The patriarch immediately marched forth with his trained men, and pursued them to Dan, where he divided his forces, attacked the Elamite-Babylonian army by night, and having put them to flight, pursued them again to Hobah, on the left (or North) of Damascus. The result of this sudden onslaught was that he rescued Lot, with the women and people, and recaptured Lots goods, which the allies of Amraphel had carried off (Gen 14:12-16).
4. Difficulties of the Identification of Amraphel:
There is no doubt that the identification of Amraphel with the Hammurabi of the Babylonian inscriptions is the best that has yet been proposed, and though there are certain difficulties therein, these may turn out to be apparent rather than real, when we know more of Babylonian history. The "l" at the end of Amraphel (which has also "ph" instead of "p" or "b") as well as the fact that the expedition itself has not yet been recognized among the campaigns of Hammurabi, must be acknowledged as two points hard to explain, though they may ultimately be solved by further research.
5. Historical Agreements:
It is noteworthy, however, that in the first verse of Gen 14 Amraphel is mentioned first, which, if he be really the Babylonian Hammurabi, is easily comprehensible, for his renown to all appearance exceeded that of Chedorlaomer, his suzerain. In 14:4 and 5, however, it is Chedorlaomer alone who is referred to, and he heads the list of eastern kings in verse 9, where Tidal comes next (a quite natural order, if Goiim be the Babylonian Gute, i.e. the Medes). Next in order comes Amraphel, king of Babylonia and suzerain of Arioch of Ellasar (Eri-Aku of Larsa), whose name closes the list. It may also be suggested, that Amraphel led a Babylonian force against Sodom, as the ally of Chedorlaomer, before he became king, and was simply crown prince. In that case, like Belshazzar, he was called "king" by anticipation. For further details see ARIOCH and CHEDORLAOMER, and compare ERI-AKU and HAMMURABI; for the history of Babylonia during Hammurabis period, see that article.
T. G. Pinches
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Easton
king of Shinar, southern Chaldea, one of the confederates of Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, in a war against Sodom and cities of the plain (Gen. 14:1, 4). It is now found that Amraphel (or Ammirapaltu) is the Khammu-rabi whose name appears on recently-discovered monuments. (See CHEDORLAOMER
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HDBN
one that speaks of secrets
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SBD
(keeper of the gods ) perhaps a Hamite king of Shinar or Babylonia, who joined the victorious incursion of the Elamite Chedorlaomer against the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities of the plain. Gen. 14. (B.C. 1898.)
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| 暗洗 |
AMZI |
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ISBE
am-zi (`amtsi, "my strength"): (1) A Levite of the family of Merari (1 Ch 6:46). (2) A priest of the family of Adaiah in the second temple. His fathers name was Zechariah (Neh 11:12).
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SBD
(strong ). A Levite of the family of Merari. ( 1 Chronicles 6:46 ) A priest. ( Nehemiah 11:12 )
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| 暗米薩拔 |
AMMIZABAD |
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ISBE
a-miz-a-bad (`ammizabhadh, "my kinsman has made a present"): The son of Benaiah, one of Davids captains for the third month (1 Ch 27:6).
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Easton
people of the giver, the son of Benaiah, who was the third and chief captain of the host under David (1 Chr. 27:6).
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SBD
(people of the Giver , i.e. God ), the son of Benaiah, who commanded the third division of Davids army. ( 1 Chronicles 27:6 ) (B.C. 1050.)
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ISBE - 國際標準聖經百科全書 (International Standard Bible Encyclopedia)
Easton - Easton's Bible Dictionary
HBND - Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
SBD - Smith's Bible Dictionary
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NIV
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