|
|
 |
|
| 中文名字 |
英文名字 |
查詢經文 |
代表經文 |
Nave's Topical Bible |
ISBE |
Easton |
HBND |
SDB |
| 約伯 |
JOB |
|
|
|
ISBE
job (iyobh, meaning of name doubtful; some conjecturing "object of enmity," others "he who turns," etc., to God; both uncertain guesses; Iob): The titular hero of the Book of Job, represented as a wealthy and pious land-holder who lived in patriarchal times, or at least conditions, in the land of Uz, on the borders of Idumea. Outside of the Book of Job he is mentioned by Ezekiel (Ezek 14:14,20) as one of 3 great personages whose representative righteousness would presumably avail, if that of any individuals could, to redeem the nation; the other two being Noah, an ancient patriarch, and Daniel, a contemporary of the prophet. It is difficult to determine whether Job was an actual personage or not. If known through legend, it must have been on account of some such experience as is narrated in the book, an experience unique enough to have become a potent household word; still, the power and influence of it is due to the masterly vigor and exposition of the story. It was the Job of literature, rather than the Job of legend, who lived in the hearts of men; a character so commanding that, albeit fictitious, it could be referred to as real, just as we refer to Hamlet or Othello. It is not the way of Hebrew writers, however, to evolve literary heroes from pure imagination; they crave an authentic basis of fact. It is probable that such a basis, in its essential outlines, existed under the story of Job. It is not necessary to suppose, however, that the legend or the name was known to Israel from ancient times. Job is introduced (Job 1:1) as if he had not been known before. The writer, who throughout the book shows a wide acquaintance with the world, doubtless found the legend somewhere, and drew its meanings together for an undying message to his and all times.
John Franklin Genung
|
Easton
persecuted, an Arabian patriarch who resided in the land of Uz (q.v.). While living in the midst of great prosperity, he was suddenly overwhelmed by a series of sore trials that fell upon him. Amid all his sufferings he maintained his integrity. Once more God visited him with the rich tokens of his goodness and even greater prosperity than he had enjoyed before. He survived the period of trial for one hundred and forty years, and died in a good old age, an example to succeeding generations of integrity (Ezek. 14:14, 20) and of submissive patience under the sorest calamities (James 5:11). His history, so far as it is known, is recorded in his book.
|
HDBN
he that weeps or cries
|
SBD
(persecuted ), the third son of Issachar, ( Genesis 46:13 ) called in another genealogy JASHUB. ( 1 Chronicles 7:1 )
|
| 約利 |
JOGLI |
|
|
|
ISBE
jog-li (yoghli, perhaps = "led into exile"): Father of Bukki, a Danite chief (Nu 34:22).
|
|
HDBN
passing over; turning back; rejoicing
|
SBD
(led into exile ), the father of Bukki, a Danite chief. ( Numbers 34:22 )
|
| 約南 |
JONAN |
|
|
|
|
|
HDBN
a dove; multiplying of the people
|
SBD
(perhaps a contraction of Johnana, gift or grace of God ), son of Eliakim, in the genealogy of Christ. ( Luke 3:30 ) (B.C. before 876.)
|
| 約哈 |
JOHA |
|
|
|
ISBE
jo-ha (yocha, meaning unknown, but perhaps = yoach "Joah"; see HPN, 283, note 4):
(1) A Benjamite (1 Ch 8:16).
(2) One of Davids mighty men (1 Ch 11:45).
|
|
HDBN
who enlivens or gives life
|
SBD
(Jehovah gives life ). One of the sons of Beriah the Benjamite. ( 1 Chronicles 8:16 ) (B.C. 588 or 536.) The Tizite, one of Davids guard. ( 1 Chronicles 11:45 ) (B.C. 1046.)
|
| 約哈斯 |
JOAHAZ |
|
代表
代下34:8 王下13:1 王下13:2 王下13:3 王下13:4 王下13:5 王下13:6 王下13:7 王下13:8 王下13:9 代下21:17 代下22:1 代下22:2 代下22:3 代下22:4 代下22:5 代下22:6 代下22:7 代下22:8 代下22:9 王下23:30 王下23:31 王下23:32 王下23:33 代下36:1 代下36:2 代下36:3 代下3:13 耶22:11
|
|
ISBE
jo-a-haz (yo-achaz, "Yahweh has grasped" = "Jehoahaz"):
(1) Father of JOAH (4) (2 Ch 34:8).
(2) the Revised Version (British and American) and Hebrew in 2 Ki 14:1 for Jehoahaz, king of Israel.
See JEHOAHAZ.
(3) the Revised Version (British and American) and Hebrew in 2 Ch 36:2,4 for JEHOAHAZ, king of Judah (which see).
|
Easton
(2 Chr. 34:8), a contracted form of Jehoahaz (q.v.).
|
HDBN
apprehending; possessing; seeing
|
SBD
(whom Jehovah holds ), the father of Joah, the chronicler or keeper of the records to King Josiah. ( 2 Chronicles 34:8 ) (B.C. before 623.)
|
| 約哈斯 |
JEHOAHAZ |
|
|
|
ISBE
je-ho-a-haz, je-ho-a-haz (yehoachaz, "Yah has grasped"; Ioachas; 2 Ki 13:1-9):
(1) Son of Jehu, and 11th king of Israel. He is stated to have reigned 17 years.
1. Chronology of Reign:
Josephus was already aware (Ant., IX, viii, 5) of the chronological difficulty involved in the cross-references in 2 Ki 13:1 and 10, the former of which states that Jehoahaz began to reign in the 23rd year of Jehoash of Jerusalem, and reigned 17 years; while the latter gives him a successor in Jehoashs 37th year, or 14 years later. Josephus alters the figure of 13:1 to 21; and, to meet the same difficulty, the Septuagint (Aldine edition) changes 37 to 39 in 13:10. The difficulty may be met by supposing that Jehoahaz was associated with his father Jehu for several years in the government of the country before the death of the latter, and that these years were counted as a part of his reign. This view has in its favor the fact that Jehu was an old man when he died, and may have been incapacitated for the full discharge of administrative duties before the end came. The accession of Jehoahaz as sole ruler may be dated about 825 BC.
2. Low Condition of the Kingdom:
When Jehoahaz came to the throne, he found a discouraged and humiliated people. The territory beyond Jordan, embracing 2 1/2 tribes, or one-fourth of the whole kingdom, had been lost in warfare with the Syrian king, Hazael (2 Ki 10:32,33). A heavy annual subsidy was still payable to Assyria, as by his father Jehu. The neighboring kingdom of Judah was still unfriendly to any member of the house of Jehu. Elisha the prophet, though then in the zenith of his influence, does not seem to have done anything toward the stability of Jehus throne.
3. Israel and Syria:
Specially did Israel suffer during this reign from the continuance of the hostility of Damascus (2 Ki 13:3,4,22). Hazael had been selected, together with Jehu, as the instrument by which the idolatry of Israel was to be punished (1 Ki 19:16). Later the instruments of vengeance fell out. On Jehus death, the pressure from the east on Hazael was greatly relieved. The great conqueror, Shalmaneser II, had died, and his son Samsi-Ramman IV had to meet a revolt within the empire, and was busy with expeditions against Babylon and Media during the 12 years of his reign (824-812 BC). During these years, the kingdoms of the seaboard of the Mediterranean were unmolested. They coincide with the years of Jehoahaz, and explain the freedom which Hazael had to harass the dominions of that king.
4. The Elisha Episodes:
Particulars of the several campaigns in which the troops of Damascus harassed Israel are not given. The life of Elisha extended through the 3 reigns of Jehoram (12 years), Jehu (28 years) and Jehoahaz (12 or 13 years), into the reign of Joash (2 Ki 13:1). It is therefore probable that in the memorabilia of his life in 2 Ki 4 through 8, now one and now another king of Israel should figure, and that some of the episodes there recorded belong to the reign of Jehoahaz. There are evidences that strict chronological order is not observed in the narrative of Elisha, e.g. Gehazi appears in waiting on the king of Israel in 8:5, after the account of his leprosy in 5:27. The terrible siege of Samaria in 2 Ki 7 is generally referred to the reign of Jehoram; but no atmosphere is so suitable to it as that of the reign of Jehoahaz, in one of the later years of whom it may have occurred. The statement in 13:7 that "the king of Syria destroyed them, and made them like the dust in threshing," and the statistics there given of the depleted army of Jehoahaz, would correspond with the state of things that siege implies. In this case the Ben-hadad of 2 Ki 6:24 would be the son of Hazael (13:3).
5. His Idolatry:
Jehoahaz, like his father, maintained the calf-worship in Bethel and Dan, and revived also the cult of the Asherah, a form of Canaanitish idolatry introduced by Ahab (1 Ki 16:33). It centered round a sacred tree or pole, and was probably connected with phallic worship (compare 1 K 15:13, where Maacah, mother of Asa, is said to have "made an abominable image for an Asherah" in Jerusalem).
6. Partial Reform:
The close of this dark reign, however, is brightened by a partial reform. In his distress, we are told, "Jehoahaz besought Yahweh, and Yahweh hearkened unto him" (2 Ki 13:4). If the siege of Samaria in 2 Ki 6 belongs to his reign, we might connect this with his wearing "sackcloth within upon his flesh" (6:30)--an act of humiliation only accidentally discovered by the rending of his garments. 2 Ki 6:5 goes on to say that "Yahweh gave Israel a saviour, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians." The "saviour" may refer to Joash, under whom the deliverance began (13:25), or to Jeroboam II, of whom it is declared that by him God "saved" Israel (14:27). Others take it to refer to Ramman-nirari III, king of Assyria, whose conquest of Damascus made possible the victories of these kings.
See JEHOASH.
W. Shaw Caldecott
(2) A king of Judah, son and successor of Josiah; reigned three months and was deposed, 608 BC. Called "Shallum" in Jer 22:11; compare 1 Ch 3:15. The story of his reign is told in 2 Ki 23:30-35, and in a briefer account in 2 Ch 36:1-3. The historian o 2 Kings characterizes his reign as evil; 2 Ch passes no verdict upon him. On the death of his father in battle, which threw the realm into confusion, he, though a younger son (compare 2 Ki 23:31 with 23:36; 1 Ch 3:15 makes him the fourth son of Josiah), was raised to the throne by "the people of the land," the same who had secured the accession to his father; see under JOSIAH. Perhaps, as upholders of the sterling old Davidic idea, which his father had carried out so well, they saw in him a better hope for its integrity than in his elder brother Jehoiakim (Eliakim), whose tyrannical tendencies may already have been too apparent. The prophets also seem to have set store by him, if we may judge by the sympathetic mentions of him in Jer 22:11 and Ezek 1:3,4. His career was too short, however, to make any marked impression on the history of Judah.
Josiahs ill-advised meddling with the designs of Pharaoh-necoh (see under JOSIAH) had had, in fact, the ill effect of plunging Judah again into the vortex of oriental politics, from which it had long been comparatively free. The Egyptian king immediately concluded that so presumptuous a state must not be left in his rear unpunished. Arrived at Riblah on his Mesopotamian expedition, he put Jehoahaz in bonds, and later carried him prisoner to Egypt, where he died; raised his brother Jehoiakim to the throne as a vassal king; and imposed on the realm a fine of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. So the fortunes of the Judean state, so soon after Josiahs good reign, began their melancholy change for the worse.
John Franklin Genung
(3) In 2 Ch 21:17; 25:23 = AHAZIAH, king of Judah (which see) (2 Ki 8:25 ff; 2 Ch 22:1 ff).
|
Easton
Jehovah his sustainer, or he whom Jehovah holdeth. (1.) The youngest son of Jehoram, king of Judah (2 Chr. 21:17; 22:1, 6, 8, 9); usually Ahaziah (q.v.). (2.) The son and successor of Jehu, king of Israel (2 Kings 10:35). He reigned seventeen years, and followed the evil ways of the house of Jeroboam. The Syrians, under Hazael and Benhadad, prevailed over him, but were at length driven out of the land by his son Jehoash (13:1-9, 25). (3.) Josiah's third son, usually called Shallum (1 Chr. 3:15). He succeeded his father on the throne, and reigned over Judah for three months (2 Kings 23:31, 34). He fell into the idolatrous ways of his predecessors (23:32), was deposed by Pharaoh-Necho from the throne, and carried away prisoner into Egypt, where he died in captivity (23:33, 34; Jer. 22:10-12; 2 Chr. 36:1-4).
|
HDBN
possession of the Lord
|
SBD
(whom the Lord sustains ). The son and successor of jehu, reigned 17 years, B.C. 856-840, over Israel in Samaria. His inglorious history is given in ( 2 Kings 13:1-9 ) Throughout his reign, ver. ( 2 Kings 13:22 ) he was kept in subjection by Hazael king of Damascus. Jehoahaz maintained the idolatry of Jeroboam; but in the extremity of his humiliation he besought Jehovah, and Jehovah gave Israel a deliverer --probably either Jehoash, vs. ( 2 Kings 13:23 ) and 2Kin 13:25 or Jeroboam II., ( 2 Kings 14:24 2 Kings 14:25 ) Jehoahaz, otherwise called Shallum, son of Josiah, whom he succeeded as king of Judah. He was chosen by the people in preference to his elder (comp. ( 2 Kings 23:31 ) and 2Kin 23:36 ) brother, B.C. 610, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. Pharaoh-necho sent to Jerusalem to depose him and to fetch him to Riblah. There he was cast into chains, and from thence he was taken into Egypt, where he died. The name given, ( 2 Chronicles 21:17 ) to Ahaziah, the youngest son of Jehoram king of Judah.
|
| 約哈難 |
JOHANAN |
|
代表
代上26:2 代上26:3 代下17:15 代下23:1 拉10:28 尼12:13 尼12:42
|
|
ISBE
jo-ha-nan (yochanan, "Yahweh has been gracious"; Ioanan; compare JEHOHANAN):
(1) Son of Kareah, and one of "the captains of the forces who were in the fields" (i.e. probably guerrilla bands), who allied with Gedaliah, governor of Judah, after the fall of Jerusalem, 586 BC (2 Ki 25:23; Jer 40:7 through 43:7). He warned Gedaliah of the plot of Ishmael ben Nethaniah, who was instigated by the Ammonite king Baalis, to murder the governor; but the latter refused to believe him nor would he grant Johanan permission to slay Ishmael (Jer 40:8-16). After Ishmael had murdered Gedaliah and also 70 northern pilgrims, Johanan went in pursuit. He was joined by the unwilling followers of Ishmael, but the murderer escaped. Thereupon Johanan settled at Geruth-Chimham near Bethlehem (Jer 41). As Ishmaels plan was to take the remnant to the land of Ammon, so that of Johanan and his fellow-chiefs was to go to Egypt. They consulted the Divine oracle through Jeremiah, and received the answer that they should remain in Judah (Jer 42). But the prophet was accused of giving false counsel and of being influenced by Baruch. The chiefs then resolved to go to Egypt, and forced Jeremiah and Baruch to accompany them (Jer 43).
(2) The eldest son of King Josiah (1 Ch 3:15), apparently = "Jehoahaz" (2 Ki 23:30-33).
(3) Son of Elioenai, and a Davidic post-exilic prince (1 Ch 3:24).
(4) Father of the Azariah who was priest in Solomons time (1 Ch 6:9,10 (Hebrew 5:35,36)).
(5) A Benjamite recruit of David at Ziklag, but perhaps a Judean (1 Ch 12:4 (Hebrew 5)).
(6) A Gadite recruit of David at Ziklag (1 Ch 12:12 (Hebrew 13)).
(7) Hebrew has "Jehohanan," an Ephraimite chief (2 Ch 28:12).
(8) A returned exile (Ezr 8:12) = "Joannes" (1 Esdras 8:38, the King James Version "Johannes").
(9) Neh 12:22,23 = JEHOHANAN, (3).
David Francis Roberts
|
Easton
whom Jehovah graciously bestows. (1.) One of the Gadite heroes who joined David in the desert of Judah (1 Chr. 12:12). (2.) The oldest of King Josiah's sons (1 Chr. 3:15). (3.) Son of Careah, one of the Jewish chiefs who rallied round Gedaliah, whom Nebuchadnezzar had made governor in Jerusalem (2 Kings 25:23; Jer. 40:8). He warned Gedaliah of the plans of Ishmael against him, a warning which was unheeded (Jer. 40:13, 16). He afterwards pursued the murderer of the governor, and rescued the captives (41:8, 13, 15, 16). He and his associates subsequently fled to Tahpanhes in Egypt (43:2, 4, 5), taking Jeremiah with them. "The flight of Gedaliah's community to Egypt extinguished the last remaining spark of life in the Jewish state. The work of the ten centuries since Joshua crossed the Jordan had been undone."
|
HDBN
who is liberal or merciful
|
SBD
(gift or grace of God ). Son of Azariah and grandson of Ahimaaz the son of Zadok, and father of Azariah, 3. ( 1 Chronicles 6:9 1 Chronicles 6:10 ) Authorized Version. Son of Elioenai, the son of Neariah, the son of Shemaiah, in the line of Zerubbabels heirs. ( 1 Chronicles 3:24 ) (B.C. after 406.) The son of Kaereah, and one of the captains of the scattered remnants of the army of Judah, who escaped in the final attack upon Jerusalem by the Chaldeans. (B.C. 588.) After the murder of Gedaliah, Johanan was one of the foremost in the pursuit of his assassin, and rescued the captives he had carried off from Mizpah. ( Jeremiah 41:11-16 ) Fearing the vengeance of the Chaldeans, the captains, with Johanan at their head, notwithstanding the warnings of Jeremiah, retired into Egypt. The first-born son of Josiah king of Judah. ( 1 Chronicles 3:15 ) (B.C. 638-610.) A valiant Benjamite who joined David at Ziklag. ( 1 Chronicles 12:4 ) (B.C. 1055.) A Gadite warrior who followed David. ( 1 Chronicles 12:12 ) The father of Azariah, an Ephraimite in the time of Ahaz. ( 2 Chronicles 28:12 ) The son of Hakkatan, and chief of the Bene-Azgad who returned with Ezra. ( Ezra 8:12 ) The son of Eliashib, one of the chief Levites. ( Ezra 10:6 ; Nehemiah 12:23 ) The son of Tobiah the Ammonite. ( Nehemiah 6:18 )
|
| 約哈難 |
JOHOHANAN |
|
代表
代上6:9 王下25:23 耶40:7 耶40:8 耶40:9 耶40:10 耶40:11 耶40:12 耶40:13 耶40:14 耶40:15 耶40:16 耶41:1 耶41:2 耶41:3 耶41:4 耶41:5 耶41:6 耶41:7 耶41:8 耶41:9 耶41:10 耶41:11 耶41:12 耶41:13 耶41:14 耶41:15 耶41:16 耶41:17 耶41:18 耶42:1 耶42:2 耶42:3 耶42:4 耶42:5 耶42:6 耶42:7 耶42:8 耶42:9 耶42
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 約坍 |
JOKTAN |
|
|
|
ISBE
jok-tan (yoqTan, meaning unknown): "Son" of Eber, and "father" of 13 tribes (Gen 10:25,26,29; 1 Ch 1:19,20,23).
|
Easton
little, the second of the two sons of Eber (Gen. 10:25; 1 Chr. 1:19). There is an Arab tradition that Joktan (Arab. Kahtan) was the progenitor of all the purest tribes of Central and Southern Arabia.
|
HDBN
small dispute; contention; disgust
|
SBD
(small ), son of Eber, ( Genesis 10:25 ; 1 Chronicles 1:19 ) and the father of the Joktanite Arabs. ( Genesis 10:30 ) (B.C. about 2200.)
|
| 約坦 |
JOTHAM |
|
代表
士9:1 士9:2 士9:3 士9:4 士9:5 士9:6 士9:7 士9:8 士9:9 士9:10 士9:11 士9:12 士9:13 士9:14 士9:15 士9:16 士9:17 士9:18 士9:19 士9:20 士9:21 代下27:1 代下27:2 代下27:3 代下27:4 代下27:5 代下27:6 代下27:7 代下27:8 代下27:9 代上2:47
|
|
ISBE
jo-tham (yotham, "Yahweh is perfect"; Ioatham):
(1) The youngest son of Gideon-Jerubbaal, the sole survivor of the massacre of his seventy brothers by Abimelech (Jdg 9:5), and (by Jdg 8:22) the legitimate ruler of Shechem after their death. Recognizing, however, that he is powerless to assert his claim, Jotham delivers from the summit of Gerizim his famous fable (Jdg 9:7-15), applies it to the situation in hand, and then flees for his life to Beer (Jdg 9:21). Nothing more is told of him, but the downfall of Abimelech is referred in part to his "curse" (Jdg 9:57). The fable tells of the kingship of the trees which, after having been declined by all useful plants, was finally offered to the bramble. The latter, inflated by its unexpected dignity, pompously offers its "shade to its faithful subjects, while threatening all traitors with punishment (brambles carry forest fires), quite in the manner of an oriental monarch on assuming the throne. Having thus parodied the relationship of the worthless Abimelech to the Shechemites, Jotham ironically wishes both parties joy of their bargain, which will end in destruction for all concerned. Otherwise the connection between the fable and its application is loose, for, while the fable depicts the kingship as refused by all properly qualified persons, in the application the Shechemites are upbraided for their treachery and their murder of the rightful heirs. In fact, the fable taken by itself would seem rather to be a protest against kings as a class (compare 1 Sam 8:10-18; 12:19, etc.); so it is possible that either the fable or its application has become expanded in transmission. Or an older fable may have been used for the sake of a single salient point, for nothing is more common than such an imperfect reapplication of fables, allegories and parables.
Burton Scott Easton
(2) Twelfth king of Judah, son of Uzziah and Jerusha, daughter of Zadok (2 Ki 15:32-38; 2 Ch 27:1-9).
1. Accession and Regency:
Jotham was 25 years of age at the time of his fathers attack of leprosy, and was at once called upon to take the administration of the kingdom (2 Ki 15:5; 2 Ch 26:21). In doing this he not only judged the people of the land by presiding at the administration of justice, but also was over the household of the king, showing how complete was the isolation of his father. He was thus king in all but name, and is invariably spoken of as reigning in Jerusalem. His reign lasted for 16 years (2 Ki 15:33; 2 Ch 27:1), 759-744 (others put later). While the father loved husbandry and had much cattle (2 Ch 26:10)--external affairs with which he could occupy himself in his retirement--to the son fell the sterner duties and heavier responsibilities of the state.
2. The War with Ammon:
The relation between father and son is well brought out in the Chroniclers account of the Ammonite war. In 2 Ch 26:8 we are told that "the Ammonites gave tribute (the King James Version "gifts") to Uzziah," such gifts being compulsory, and of the nature of tribute. In 2 Ch 27:5 we are told that the actual conquest of Ammon was made by Jotham, and that for 3 successive years he compelled them to pay an annual subsidy of 100 talents of silver and 10,000 "cors" each of wheat and barley (the cor (Hebrew kor) was about 10 bushels). The campaign on the East of the Jordan was the only one in which Jotham took part, but as the state suffered no loss of territory during his regency, the external provinces must have been strongly held and well governed.
3. Jothams Building Operations:
It is probable that before attempting to win any extension of territory, Jotham had spent some years in completing the unfinished building schemes in which his father was engaged at the time of his affliction. Like him, he became an enthusiastic builder (2 Ch 27:3,4). He is recorded to have built towers, castles and cities, and specifically to have completed the Ophel wall in Jerusalem, which is still standing to the South of the Haram area. But the crowning architectural glory of his reign was the completion of the temple court by erecting, or setting up, "the upper gate of the house of Yahweh" (2 Ch 27:3; 2 Ki 15:35). This particular gate was the entrance to, and exit from, the upper or new court of the temple, which had been begun so long ago as the time of Asa (compare the writers Solomons Temple, Part II, chapter viii). Its situation is perfectly known, as it bore the same name and place in the Herodian temple as in each of its predecessors. It stood facing the South, and was on higher ground than any other of the temple gates. Hence, its name. It gave entrance to that upper court of the temple, mentioned in Jer 36:10, where it is spoken of as "the new gate of Yahwehs house." As Jeremiah began his ministry about a century after Jothams death, Jeremiahs use of the name commemorates the fact that the gate was not built till long after the other parts of the structure.
4. The Syrian League:
During Jothams regency, a formidable combination of the Northern Kingdom and the Syrian state, with Damascus as capital, began to show signs of hostility to Judah. For 4 years before Jothams death, Pekah occupied the throne of Samaria. The Assyrian king, Tiglath-pileser III, was then pushing his arms westward, and a Syrian league was formed to oppose them. Jotham may have refused to join this league. The political situation at his death is thus described: "In those days Yahweh began to send against Judah Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah" (2 Ki 15:37).
5. Condition of Judah:
Jothams character is represented in a moderately favorable light, it being put to his credit that he did not enter the temple (2 Ch 27:2). The wisdom and vigor of his administration, and of his policy for the defense of the country, are recognized. It was owing to his completion of his fathers plans for the protection of Jerusalem, and of the building of country fortresses, that Hezekiah, a few years afterward, was able to show so stout a resistance to Sennacherib. But within the state itself corruption and oppression were rife. The great prophets, Isaiah, Hosea and Micah, exercised their ministries in Jothams days, and in their pages we have graphic picture of the moral condition of the time. Isa does not name Jotham, except in the title (Isa 1:1; compare 7:1), but Isaiah 1 through 5 of his book were probably written in this reign. Hoseas writings go back to the last years of Jeroboam II, who died the year Jotham came to the throne. Micahs evidence is valuable, telling us that Omri had formulated and published rules for the cult of the Zidonian Baal, and that these "statutes" were kept by some of the citizens of Samaria, and, possibly, of Jerusalem (Mic 6:16).
Jothams name appears in the royal genealogical list of 1 Ch 3:12, and in the genealogy of Jesus (Mt 1:9).
(3) A Calebite (1 Ch 2:47 the King James Version).
W. Shaw Caldecott
|
Easton
Jehovah is perfect. (1.) The youngest of Gideon's seventy sons. He escaped when the rest were put to death by the order of Abimelech (Judg. 9:5). When "the citizens of Shechem and the whole house of Millo" were gathered together "by the plain of the pillar" (i.e., the stone set up by Joshua, 24:26; comp. Gen. 35:4) "that was in Shechem, to make Abimelech king," from one of the heights of Mount Gerizim he protested against their doing so in the earliest parable, that of the bramble-king. His words then spoken were prophetic. There came a recoil in the feelings of the people toward Abimelech, and then a terrible revenge, in which many were slain and the city of Shechem was destroyed by Abimelech (Judg. 9:45). Having delivered his warning, Jotham fled to Beer from the vengeance of Abimelech (9:7-21). (2.) The son and successor of Uzziah on the throne of Judah. As during his last years Uzziah was excluded from public life on account of his leprosy, his son, then twenty-five years of age, administered for seven years the affairs of the kingdom in his father's stead (2 Chr. 26:21, 23; 27:1). After his father's death he became sole monarch, and reigned for sixteen years (B.C. 759-743). He ruled in the fear of God, and his reign was prosperous. He was contemporary with the prophets Isaiah, Hosea, and Micah, by whose ministrations he profited. He was buried in the sepulchre of the kings, greatly lamented by the people (2 Kings 15:38; 2 Chr. 27:7-9).
|
HDBN
the perfection of the Lord
|
SBD
(Jehovah is upright ). The youngest son of Gideon, ( Judges 9:5 ) who escaped from the massacre of his brethren. (B.C. after 1256.) His parable of the reign of the bramble is the earliest example of the kind. The son of King Uzziah or Azariah and Jerushah. After administering the kingdom for some years during his fathers leprosy, he succeeded to the throne B.C. 758, when he was 25 years old, and reigned 16 years in Jerusalem. He was contemporary with Pekah and with the prophet Isaiah. His history is contained in ( 2 Kings 15:1 ) ... and 2Chr 27:1 ... A descendant of Judah, son of Jahdai. ( 1 Chronicles 2:47 )
|
| 約基別 |
JOCHEBED |
|
|
|
ISBE
jok-e-bed (yokhebhedh, "Yahweh is glory"): Daughter of Levi, wife of Amram and mother of Moses (Ex 6:20; Nu 26:59). According to Ex 6:20, she was a sister of Kohath, Amrams father.
|
Easton
Jehovah is her glory, the wife of Amram, and the mother of Miriam, Aaron, and Moses (Num. 26:59). She is spoken of as the sister of Kohath, Amram's father (Ex. 6:20; comp. 16, 18; 2:1-10).
|
|
SBD
(whose glory is Jehovah ), the wife and at the same time the aunt of Amram and the mother of Moses and Aaron. ( Exodus 2:1 ; 6:20 ; Numbers 26:59 )
|
| 約巴 |
JOBAB |
|
代表
創10:29 代上1:23 創36:33 代上1:44 代上8:9 代上8:18
|
|
ISBE
jo-bab (yobhabh, perhaps "howling"; Iobab):
(1) "Son" of Joktan (Gen 10:29; 1 Ch 1:23).
See TABLE OF NATIONS.
(2) An Edomite king (Gen 36:33,14; 1 Ch 1:44,45).
(3) King of Madon (Josh 11:1).
(4) 1 Ch 8:9; and (5) 1 Ch 8:18, Benjamites.
The name is confused with that of Job in Septuagint of Job 42:17.
|
Easton
dweller in the desert. (1.) One of the sons of Joktan, and founder of an Arabian tribe (Gen. 10:29). (2.) King of Edom, succeeded Bela (Gen. 36:33, 34). (3.) A Canaanitish king (Josh. 11:1) who joined the confederacy against Joshua.
|
|
SBD
(a desert ). The last in order of the sons of Joktan. ( Genesis 10:29 ; 1 Chronicles 1:23 ) One of the "kings" of Edom. ( Genesis 3:34 ; 1 Chronicles 1:44 ; 45 ) King of Madon; one of the northern chieftains who attempted to oppose Joshuas conquest and were routed by him at Meron. ( Joshua 11:1 ) only. Head of a Benjamite house. ( 1 Chronicles 8:9 )
|
| 約干 |
JORKOAM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 約押 |
JOAB |
|
代表
撒下17:25 代上11:4 代上11:5 代上11:6 代上11:7 代上11:8 代上11:9 代上4:14 拉2:6 尼7:11 拉8:9
|
|
ISBE
jo-ab (yo-abh, "Yahweh is father"; Ioab):
(1) Son of Zeruiah, Davids sister. He was "captain of the host" (compare 2 Sam 19:13) under David.
1. Joab and Abner:
(a) Joab is first introduced in the narrative of the war with Abner, who supported the claims of Ishbosheth to the throne against those of David (2 Sam 2:8 through 3:1). The two armies met, and on Abners suggestion a tournament took place between 12 men from each side; a general engagement follows, and in this Joabs army is victorious. Asahel, Joabs brother, is killed in his pursuit of Abner, but the latters army is sorely pressed, and he appeals to Joab for a cessation of hostilities. Joab calls a halt, but declares that he would not cease had Abner not made his plea.
(b) 2 Sam 3:12-29. Abner visits David at Hebron, and makes an alliance with David. He then leaves the town, apparently under royal protection. Joab is absent at the time, but returns immediately after Abners departure, and expostulates with David for not avenging Asahels death, and at the same time attributes a bad motive to Abners visit. He sends a message, no doubt in the form of a royal command, for Abner to return; the chief does so, is taken aside "into the midst of the gate" (or as Septuagint and commentators read, "into the side of the gate," 2 Sam 3:27), and slain there by Joab. David proclaims his own innocence in the matter, commands Joab as well as the people to mourn publicly for the dead hero (2 Sam 3:31), composes a lament for Abner, and pronounces a curse upon Joab and his descendants (2 Sam 3:30 is regarded as an editorial note, and commentators change 3:39).
2. The Ammonite War: Death of Uriah:
(a) 2 Sam 10:1-14; 1 Ch 19:1-15. David sends ambassadors with his good wishes to Hanun on his ascending the throne of the Ammonites; these are ill-treated, and war follows, Davids troops being commanded by Joab. On finding himself placed between the Ammonites on the one hand, and their Syrian allies on the other, he divides his army, and himself leads one division against the Syrians, leaving Abishai, his brother, to fight the Ammonites; the defeat of the Syrians is followed by the rout of the ammonites.
(b) 2 Sam 10:15-19; 1 Ch 19:16-19 describes a second war between Hadarezer and David. Joab is not mentioned here.
(c) 2 Sam 11:1 narrates the resumption of the war against the Ammonites; Joab is in command, and the town of Rabbah is besieged. Here occurs the account of Davids sin with Bathsheba, omitted by Chronicles. David gets Joab to send Uriah, her husband, to Jerusalem, and when he refuses to break the soldiers vow (11:6-13), Joab is used to procure Uriahs death in the siege, and the general then sends news of it to David (11:14-27). After capturing the `water-city of Rabbah, Joab sends for David to complete the capture and lead the triumph himself (12:26-29).
3. Joab and Absalom:
(a) The next scene depicts Joab attempting and succeeding in his attempt to get Absalom restored to royal favor. He has noticed that "the kings heart is toward Absalom" (2 Sam 14:1), and so arranges for "a wise woman" of Tekoa to bring a supposed complaint of her own before the king, and then rebuke him for his treatment of Absalom. The plan succeeds. David sees Joabs hand in it, and gives him permission to bring Absalom to Jerusalem. But the rebel has to remain in his own house, and is not allowed to see his father (2 Sam 14:1-24).
(b) Absalom attempts to secure Joabs intercession for a complete restoration to his fathers confidence. Joab turns a deaf ear to the request until his field is put on fire by Absaloms command. He then sees Absalom, and gets David to receive his prodigal son back into the royal home (2 Sam 14:28-33).
(c) Absalom revolts, and makes Amasa, another nephew of David, general instead of Joab (2 Sam 17:24 f). David flees to Mahanaim, followed by Absalom. Joab is given a third of the army, the other divisions being led by Abishai and Ittai. He is informed that Absalom has been caught in a tree (or thicket), and expostulates with the informer for not having killed him. Although he is reminded of Davids tender plea that Absalom be kindly dealt with, he dispatches the rebel himself, and afterward calls for a general halt of the army. When David gives vent to his feelings of grief, he is sternly rebuked by Joab, and the rebuke has its effect (2 Sam 17 through 19:8a).
4. Joab and Amasa:
2 Sam 19:8b-15. On Davids return to Jerusalem, Amasa is made "captain of the host" instead of Joab (19:13). Then Sheba revolts, Amasa loses time in making preparation for quelling it, and Abishai is bidden by David to take the field (20:6). The Syriac version reads "Joab" for "Abishai" in this verse, and some commentators follow it, but Septuagint supports Massoretic Text. Joab seems to have accompanied Abishai; and when Amasa meets them at Gibeon, Joab, on pretense of kissing his rival, kills him. He then assumes command, is followed by Amasas men, and arranges with a woman of Abel beth-maacah to deliver to him Shebas head. The revolt is then at an end.
5. Joabs Death:
Joab subsequently opposed Davids suggestion of a census, but eventually carried it out (2 Sam 24:1-9; 1 Ch 21:1-6), yet 1 Ch 21:6 and 27:24 relate that he did not carry it out fully. He was one of Adonijahs supporters in his claim to the throne (1 Ki 1:7,19,41). For this he had to pay the penalty with his life, being slain at the altar in the "Tent of Yahweh" (1 Ki 2:28-34) by Benaiah, who acted upon Solomons orders. His murderer became his successor as head of the army. 1 Ki 2:5 makes David advise Solomon not to forget that Joab slew Abner and Amasa, and 1 Ki 11:14-22 contains a reference to the dread of his name in Edom. 1 Ch 11:6 makes him win his spurs first at the capture of Jerusalem, but 2 Sam 2; 3 are previous in time to this event (compare 2 Sam 5:6-10), and 1 Ch 11:8 makes him repair the city, while 1 Ch 26:28 refers to a dedication of armor by him.
6. Joabs Character:
In summing up Joabs character, we must remember the stirring times in which he lived. That he was a most able general, there is no doubt. He was, however, very jealous of his position, and this accounts for Amasas murder, if not partially for that of Abner too: if he was afraid that Abner would supplant him, that fear may be held to be justified, for Amasa, who had not been too loyal to David did take Joabs place for a time. But blood revenge for Asahels death was perhaps the chief cause. Yet even when judged in the light of those rough times, and in the light of eastern life, the murder of Abner was a foul, treacherous deed (see Trumbull, Studies in Oriental Social Life, 129-31).
Joab opposed the census probably because it was an innovation. His rebuke of Davids great grief over Absaloms death can only be characterized as just; he is the stern warrior who, after being once merciful and forgiving, will not again spare a deceitful rebel; and yet David shows how a fathers conduct toward a prodigal, rebellious son is not regulated by stern justice. Joabs unswerving loyalty to David leads one to believe that no disloyalty was meant by his support of Adonijah, who was really the rightful heir to the throne. But their plans were defeated by those of the harem, and Joab had to pay the price with his life.
Taken as a whole, his life, as depicted in the very reliable narrative of 2 Sam and 1 Ki, may be said to be as characteristic of the times as that of David himself, with a truly Homeric ring about it. He was a great man, great in military prowess and also in personal revenge, in his loyalty to the king as well as in his stern rebuke of his royal master. He was the greatest of Davids generals, and the latters success and glory owed much to this noblest of that noble trio whom Zeruiah bore.
(2) A Judahite, father or founder of Ge-harashim (1 Ch 4:14, "valley of craftsmen" the Revised Version margin).
See GE-HARASHIM.
(3) A family of returned exiles (Ezr 2:6 parallel Neh 7:11; Ezr 8:9; 1 Esdras 8:35).
(4) See ATROTH-BETH-JOAB.
David Francis Roberts
|
Easton
Jehovah is his father. (1.) One of the three sons of Zeruiah, David's sister, and "captain of the host" during the whole of David's reign (2 Sam. 2:13; 10:7; 11:1; 1 Kings 11:15). His father's name is nowhere mentioned, although his sepulchre at Bethlehem is mentioned (2 Sam. 2:32). His two brothers were Abishai and Asahel, the swift of foot, who was killed by Abner (2 Sam. 2:13-32), whom Joab afterwards treacherously murdered (3:22-27). He afterwards led the assault at the storming of the fortress on Mount Zion, and for this service was raised to the rank of "prince of the king's army" (2 Sam. 5:6-10; 1 Chr. 27:34). His chief military achievements were, (1) against the allied forces of Syria and Ammon; (2) against Edom (1 Kings 11:15, 16); and (3) against the Ammonites (2 Sam. 10:7-19; 11:1, 11). His character is deeply stained by the part he willingly took in the murder of Uriah (11:14-25). He acted apparently from a sense of duty in putting Absalom to death (18:1-14). David was unmindful of the many services Joab had rendered to him, and afterwards gave the command of the army to Amasa, Joab's cousin (2 Sam. 20:1-13; 19:13). When David was dying Joab espoused the cause of Adonijah in preference to that of Solomon. He was afterwards slain by Benaiah, by the command of Solomon, in accordance with his father's injunction (2 Sam. 3:29; 20:5-13), at the altar to which he had fled for refuge. Thus this hoary conspirator died without one to lift up a voice in his favour. He was buried in his own property in the "wilderness," probably in the north-east of Jerusalem (1 Kings 2:5, 28-34). Benaiah succeeded him as commander-in-chief of the army. (2.) 1 Chr. 4:14. (3.) Ezra 2:6.
|
HDBN
paternity; voluntary
|
SBD
(whose father is Jehovah ), the most remarkable of the three nephews of David, the children of Zeruiah, Davids sister. (B.C. 1053-1012.) Joab first appears after Davids accession to the throne at Hebron. Abner slew in battle Asahel, the youngest brother of Joab; and when David afterward received Abner into favor, Joab treacherously murdered him. [ABNER] There was now no rival left in the way of Joabs advancement, and at the siege of Jebus he was appointed for his prowess commander-in-chief --"captain of the host." In the wide range of wars which David undertook, Joab was the acting general. He was called by the almost regal title of "lord," ( 2 Samuel 11:11 ) "the prince of the kings army." ( 1 Chronicles 27:34 ) In the entangled relations which grew up in Davids domestic life he bore an important part, successfully reinstating Absalom in Davids favor after the murder of Amnon. ( 2 Samuel 14:1-20 ) When the relations between father and son were reversed by the revolt of Absalom, Joab remained true to the king, taking the rebel princes dangerous life in spite of Davids injunction to spare him, and when no one else had courage to act so decisive a part. ( 2 Samuel 18:2 2 Samuel 18:11-15 ) (B.C. 1023). The king transferred the command to Amasa, which so enraged Joab that he adroitly assassinated Amasa when pretending to welcome him as a friend. ( 2 Samuel 20:10 ) Friendly relations between himself and David seem to have existed afterward, ( 2 Samuel 24:2 ) but at the close of his long life, his loyalty, so long unshaken, at last wavered. "Though he had not turned after Absalom, he turned after Adonijah." ( 1 Kings 2:28 ) This probably filled up the measure of the kings long-cherished resentment. The revival of the pretensions of Adonijah after Davids death was sufficient to awaken the suspicions of Solomon. Joab fled to the shelter of the altar at Gibeon, and was here slain by Benaiah. (B.C. about 1012.) One of Kenazs descendants. ( 1 Chronicles 4:14 ) ( Ezra 2:6 ; 8:9 ; Nehemiah 7:11 )
|
| 約拉 |
JORAH |
|
|
|
ISBE
jo-ra (yorah meaning uncertain, perhaps "harvest-born"): A family which returned with Zerubbabel (Ezr 2:18) = "Chariph" of Neh 7:24 = "Arsiphurith" (the King James Version "Arzephurith") of 1 Esdras 5:16.
|
|
|
SBD
(the early rain ), the ancestor of a family of 112 who returned from Babylon with Ezra. ( Ezra 2:18 ) In ( Nehemiah 7:24 ) he appears under the name HARIPH, or more correctly the same family are represented as the Bene-Hariph.
|
| 約拿 |
JONAH |
|
代表
王下14:25 拿3:1 拿3:2 拿3:3 拿3:4 拿3:5 拿3:6 拿3:7 拿3:8 拿3:9 拿3:10
|
|
ISBE
jo-na (yonah, "dove"; Ionas):
(1) According to 2 Ki 14:25, Jonah, the son of Amittai, of Gath-hepher, a prophet and servant of Yahweh, predicted the restoration of the land of Israel to its ancient boundaries through the efforts of Jeroboam II. The prophet lived and labored either in the early part of the reign of Jeroboam (790-750 BC), or during the preceding generation. He may with great probability be placed at 800-780 BC. His early ministry must have made him popular in Israel; for he prophesied of victory and expansion of territory. His native village of Gath-hepher was located in the territory of Zebulun (Josh 19:13).
(2) According to the book bearing his name, Jonah the son of Amittai received a command to preach to Nineveh; but he fled in the opposite direction to escape from the task of proclaiming Yahwehs message to the great heathen city; was arrested by a storm, and at his own request was hurled into the sea, where he was swallowed by a great fish, remaining alive in the belly of the fish for three days. When on his release from the body of the fish the command to go to Nineveh was renewed, Jonah obeyed and announced the overthrow of the wicked city. When the men of Nineveh repented at the preaching of the prophet, God repented of the evil He had threatened to bring upon them. Jonah was grieved that the oppressing city should be spared, and waited in the vicinity to see what would be the final outcome. An intense patriot, Jonah wished for the destruction of the people that threatened to swallow up Israel. He thought that Yahweh was too merciful to the heathen oppressors. By the lesson of the gourd he was taught the value of the heathen in the sight of Yahweh.
It is the fashion now in scholarly circles to treat the Book of Jonah as fiction. The story is said to be an allegory or a parable or a symbolic narrative. Why then did the author fasten upon a true and worthy prophet of Yahweh the stigma of rebellion and narrowness? On theory that the narrative is an allegory, J. Kennedy well says that "the man who wrote it was guilty of a gratuitous insult to the memory of a prophet, and could not have been inspired by the prophets Master thus to dishonor a faithful servant."
(3) our Lord referred on two different occasions to the sign of Jonah the prophet (Mt 12:38-41; Lk 11:29-32; Mt 16:4). He speaks of Jonahs experience in the belly of the fish as parallel with His own approaching entombment for three days, and cites the repentance of the Ninevites as a rebuke to the unbelieving men of his own generation. Our Lord thus speaks both of the physical miracle of the preservation of Jonah in the body of the fish and of the moral miracle of the repentance of the Ninevites, and without the slightest hint that He regarded the story as an allegory.
John Richard Sampey
|
Easton
a dove, the son of Amittai of Gath-hepher. He was a prophet of Israel, and predicted the restoration of the ancient boundaries (2 Kings 14:25-27) of the kingdom. He exercised his ministry very early in the reign of Jeroboam II., and thus was contemporary with Hosea and Amos; or possibly he preceded them, and consequently may have been the very oldest of all the prophets whose writings we possess. His personal history is mainly to be gathered from the book which bears his name. It is chiefly interesting from the two-fold character in which he appears, (1) as a missionary to heathen Nineveh, and (2) as a type of the "Son of man."
|
|
SBD
(dove ), the fifth of the minor prophets, was the son of Amittai, and a native of Gath-hepher. ( 2 Kings 14:25 ) He flourished in or before the reign of Jeroboam II., about B.C. 820. Having already, as it seems, prophesied to Israel, he was sent to Nineveh. The time was one of political revival in Israel; but ere long the Assyrians were to be employed by God as a scourge upon them. The prophet shrank from a commission which he felt sure would result, ( Jonah 4:2 ) in the sparing of a hostile city. He attempted therefore to escape to Tarshish. The providence of God, however, watched over him, first in a storm, and then in his being swallowed by a large fish (a sea monster, probably the white shark) for the space of three days and three nights. [On this subject see article WHALE] After his deliverance, Jonah executed his commission; and the king, "believing him to be a minister form the supreme deity of the nation," and having heard of his miraculous deliverance, ordered a general fast, and averted the threatened judgment. But the prophet, not from personal but national feelings, grudged the mercy shown to a heathen nation. He was therefore taught by the significant lesson of the "gourd," whose growth and decay brought the truth at once home to him, that he was sent to testify by deed, as other prophets would afterward testify by word, the capacity of Gentiles for salvation, and the design of God to make them partakers of it. This was "the sign of the prophet Jonas." ( Luke 11:29 Luke 11:30 ) But the resurrection of Christ itself was also shadowed forth in the history of the prophet. ( Matthew 12:39 Matthew 12:41 ; 16:4 ) The mission of Jonah was highly symbolical. The facts contained a concealed prophecy. The old tradition made the burial-place of Jonah to be Gath-hepher; the modern tradition places it at Nebi-Yunus , opposite Mosul.
|
| 約拿單 |
JONATHAN |
|
代表
士18:30 士17:7 撒上14:1 撒上14:2 撒上14:3 撒上14:4 撒上14:5 撒上14:6 撒上14:7 撒上14:8 撒上14:9 撒上14:10 撒上14:11 撒上14:12 撒上14:13 撒上14:14 撒上14:15 撒上14:16 撒上14:17 撒上14:18 撒上14:19 撒上14:20 撒上14:21 撒上14:22 撒上14:23 撒上14:24 撒上14:25 撒上14:26 撒上14:27 撒上14:28 撒上14:29 撒上14:30 撒上14:31 撒上1
|
|
|
Easton
whom Jehovah gave, the name of fifteen or more persons that are mentioned in Scripture. The chief of these are, (1.) A Levite descended from Gershom (Judg. 18:30). His history is recorded in 17:7-13 and 18:30. The Rabbins changed this name into Manasseh "to screen the memory of the great lawgiver from the stain of having so unworthy an apostate among his near descendants." He became priest of the idol image at Dan, and this office continued in his family till the Captivity. (2.) The eldest son of king Saul, and the bosom friend of David. He is first mentioned when he was about thirty years of age, some time after his father's accession to the throne (1 Sam. 13:2). Like his father, he was a man of great strength and activity (2 Sam. 1:23), and excelled in archery and slinging (1 Chr. 12:2;2 Sam. 1:22). The affection that evidently subsisted between him and his father was interrupted by the growth of Saul's insanity. At length, "in fierce anger," he left his father's presence and cast in his lot with the cause of David (1 Sam. 20:34). After an eventful career, interwoven to a great extent with that of David, he fell, along with his father and his two brothers, on the fatal field of Gilboa (1 Sam. 31:2, 8). He was first buried at Jabesh-gilead, but his remains were afterwards removed with those of his father to Zelah, in Benjamin (2 Sam. 21:12-14). His death was the occasion of David's famous elegy of "the Song of the Bow" (2 Sam. 1:17-27). He left one son five years old, Merib-baal, or Mephibosheth (2 Sam. 4:4; comp. 1 Chr. 8:34). (3.) Son of the high priest Abiathar, and one who adhered to David at the time of Absalom's rebellion (2 Sam. 15:27, 36). He is the last descendant of Eli of whom there is any record. (4.) Son of Shammah, and David's nephew, and also one of his chief warriors (2 Sam. 21:21). He slew a giant in Gath.
|
|
SBD
that is, "the gift of Jehovah, " the eldest son of King Saul. (B.C. about 1095-1056.) He was a man of great strength and activity. ( 2 Samuel 1:23 ) He was also famous as a warrior, ( 1 Chronicles 12:2 ) as is shown by the courage he showing in attacking the garrison of the Philistines, in company with is armor-bearer only, slaying twenty men and putting an army to flight. ( 1 Samuel 14:6-16 ) During the pursuit, Jonathan, who had not heard of the rash curse, ch. ( 1 Samuel 14:24 ) which Saul invoked on any one who ate before the evening, tasted the honey which lay on the ground. Saul would have sacrificed him; but the people interposed in behalf of the hero of that great day, and Jonathan was saved. ch. ( 1 Samuel 14:24-45 ) The chief interest of Jonathans career is derived from the friendship with David, which began on the day of Davids return from the victory over the champion of Gath, and continued till his death. Their last meeting was in and forest of Ziph, during Sauls pursuit of David. ( 1 Samuel 23:16-18 ) From this time forth we hear no more till the battle of Gilboa. In that battle he fell. ( 1 Samuel 31:2 1 Samuel 31:8 ) (B.C. 1056.) his ashes were buried first at Jabesh-gilead, ch. ( 1 Samuel 31:13 ) but were afterward removed with those of his father to Zelah in Benjamin. ( 2 Samuel 21:12 ) The news of his death occasioned the celebrated elegy of David. He left a son, Mephibosheth. [MEPHIBOSHETH] A nephew of David. ( 2 Samuel 21:21 ; 1 Chronicles 20:7 ) He engaged in single combat with and slew a gigantic Philistine of Gath. ( 2 Samuel 21:21 ) (B.C. 1018.) The son of Abiathar, the high priest, is the last descendant of Eli of whom we hear anything. ( 2 Samuel 15:36 ; 17:15-21 ; 1 Kings 1:42 1 Kings 1:43 ) (B.C. 1023.) One of Davids heroes. ( 2 Samuel 23:32 ; 1 Chronicles 11:34 ) The son or descendant of Gershom the son of Moses. ( Judges 18:30 ) [MICAH] (B.C. about 1425.) One of the Bene-Adin. ( Ezra 8:6 ) A priest, the son of Asahel, in the time of Ezra. ( Ezra 10:15 ) (B.C. 459.) A priest of the family of Melieu. ( Nehemiah 12:14 ) One of the sons of Kareah, and brother of Johanan. ( Jeremiah 40:8 ) (B.C. 587.) Son of Joiada, and his successor in the high priesthood. ( Nehemiah 12:11 Nehemiah 12:22 Nehemiah 12:23 ) (B.C. before 332.) Father of Zechariah, a priest who blew the trumpet at the dedication of the wall. ( Nehemiah 12:35 ) 1 Esdr. 8:32. [See No. 6] (B.C. 446.)
|
| 約拿達 |
JONADAB |
|
|
|
ISBE
jon-a-dab.
See JEHONADAB.
|
Easton
=Jehon'adab. (1.) The son of Rechab, and founder of the Rechabites (q.v.), 2 Kings 10:15; Jer. 35:6, 10. (2.) The son of Shimeah, David's brother (2 Sam. 13:3). He was "a very subtil man."
|
|
SBD
(whom Jehovah impels ). Son of Shimeah and nephew of David. (B.C. 1033.) He is described as "very subtle." ( 2 Samuel 13:3 ) His age naturally made him the friend of his cousin Amnon, heir to the throne. ( 2 Samuel 13:3 ) He gave him the fatal advice for ensnaring his sister Tamar. ch ( 2 Samuel 13:5 2 Samuel 13:6 ) Again, when, in a later stage of the same tragedy, Amnon was murdered by Absalom, and the exaggerated report reached David that all the princes were slaughtered, Jonadab was already aware of the real state of the case. ( 2 Samuel 13:32 2 Samuel 13:33 ) ( Jeremiah 35:6 Jeremiah 35:8 Jeremiah 35:10 Jeremiah 35:14 Jeremiah 35:16 Jeremiah 35:18 Jeremiah 35:19 ) [JEHONADAB]
|
| 約撒拔 |
JOSABAD |
|
代表
代上12:4 代上12:20 代下31:13 代下35:9 拉8:33 拉10:23 尼11:16 尼8:7 拉10:22
|
|
ISBE
jos-a-bad.
See JOZABAD.
|
|
|
SBD
(whom Jehovah bestows ), properly JOZABAD the Gederathite, one of the warriors of Benjamin who joined David at Ziklag. ( 1 Chronicles 12:4 ) (B.C. 1055.)
|
| 約撒甲 |
JOZACHAR |
|
|
|
|
Easton
Jehovah-remembered, one of the two servants who assassinated Jehoash, the king of Judah, in Millo (2 Kings 12:21). He is called also Zabad (2 Chr. 24:26).
|
HDBN
remembering; of the male sex
|
SBD
(whom Jehovah has remembered ), one of the murderers of Joash king of Judah. ( 2 Kings 12:21 ) The writer of the Chronicles, ( 2 Chronicles 24:26 ) calls him ZABAD. (B.C. 837.)
|
| 約撒答 |
JOZEDECH |
|
代表
該1:1 亞6:11 拉3:2 尼12:26
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 約撒達 |
JOZADAK |
|
|
|
ISBE
joz-a-dak.
See JEHOZADAK.
|
|
|
SBD
(whom Jehovah has made just ). ( Ezra 3:2 Ezra 3:8 ; 5:2 ; 10:18 ; Nehemiah 12:26 ) The contracted form of Jehozadak.
|
| 約敬 |
JOKIM |
|
|
|
ISBE
jo-kim (yoqim, "Yahweh raises up"; compare JEHOIAKIM; JOIAKIM): A Judahite, descendant of Shelah (1 Ch 4:22).
|
Easton
whom Jehovah has set up, one of the descendants of Shelah (1 Chr. 4:22).
|
HDBN
that made the sun stand still
|
SBD
(whom Jehovah has set up ), one of the sons of Shelah the son of Judah. ( 1 Chronicles 4:22 )
|
| 約施比加沙 |
JOSHBEKASHAH |
|
|
|
ISBE
josh-be-ka-sha, josh-be-kash-a (yoshbeqashah, "son" of Heman; 1 Ch 25:4,24): The last 8 or 9 names in per 4 are taken by commentators to be not names but the words of a prayer. See OTJ C2, 143, note; Curtis, Chron, 278, 280; SBOT.
|
|
|
SBD
(a seat in a hard place ), son of Heman, head of the seventeenth course of musicians. ( 1 Chronicles 25:4 1 Chronicles 25:25 ) (B.C. 1014.)
|
| 約書亞 |
JOSHUA |
|
代表
尼8:17 民11:28 申34:9 書1:1 書1:2 撒上6:14 撒上18:15 撒上18:16 撒上18:17 撒上18:18 王下23:8 拉2:2 拉3:2 代上24:11 代下31:15 拉2:6 尼7:11 拉2:40 尼7:43 尼12:8 尼8:7 尼9:4 拉2:36 尼3:19 尼10:9
|
|
|
Easton
Jehovah is his help, or Jehovah the Saviour. The son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim, the successor of Moses as the leader of Israel. He is called Jehoshua in Num. 13:16 (A.V.), and Jesus in Acts 7:45 and Heb. 4:8 (R.V., Joshua). He was born in Egypt, and was probably of the age of Caleb, with whom he is generally associated. He shared in all the events of the Exodus, and held the place of commander of the host of the Israelites at their great battle against the Amalekites in Rephidim (Ex. 17:8-16). He became Moses' minister or servant, and accompanied him part of the way when he ascended Mount Sinai to receive the two tables (Ex. 32:17). He was also one of the twelve who were sent on by Moses to explore the land of Canaan (Num. 13:16, 17), and only he and Caleb gave an encouraging report. Under the direction of God, Moses, before his death, invested Joshua in a public and solemn manner with authority over the people as his successor (Deut. 31:23). The people were encamped at Shittim when he assumed the command (Josh. 1:1); and crossing the Jordan, they encamped at Gilgal, where, having circumcised the people, he kept the Passover, and was visited by the Captain of the Lord's host, who spoke to him encouraging words (1:1-9). Now began the wars of conquest which Joshua carried on for many years, the record of which is in the book which bears his name. Six nations and thirty-one kings were conquered by him (Josh. 11:18-23; 12:24). Having thus subdued the Canaanites, Joshua divided the land among the tribes, Timnath-serah in Mount Ephraim being assigned to himself as his own inheritance. (See SHILOH
|
HDBN
a savior; a deliverer
|
SBD
(saviour, or whose help is Jehovah ). His name appears in the various forms of HOSHEA, OSHEA, JEHOSHUA, JESHUA and JESUS. The son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim. ( 1 Chronicles 7:27 ) (B.C. 1530-1420.) He was nearly forty years old when he shared in the hurried triumph of the exodus. He is mentioned first in connection with the fight against Amalek at Rephidim, when he was chosen by Moses to lead the Israelites. ( Exodus 17:9 ) Soon afterward he was one of the twelve chiefs who were sent, ( Numbers 13:17 ) to explore the land of Canaan, and one of the two, ch. ( Numbers 14:6 ) who gave an encouraging report of their journey. Moses, shortly before his death, was directed, ( Numbers 27:18 ) to invest Joshua with authority over the people. God himself gave Joshua a charge by the mouth of the dying lawgiver. ( deuteronomy 31:14 deuteronomy 31:23 ) Under the direction of God again renewed, ( Joshua 1:1 ) Joshua assumed the command of the people at Shittim, sent spies into Jericho, crossed the Jordan, fortified a camp at Gilgal, circumcised the people, kept the passover, and was visited by the Captain of the Lords host. A miracle made the fall of Jericho more terrible to the Canaanites. In the great battle of Beth-horon the Amorites were signally routed, and the south country was open to the Israelites. Joshua returned to the camp at Gilgal, master of half of Palestine. He defeated the Canaanites under Jabin king of Hazor. In six years, six tribes, with thirty-one petty chiefs, were conquered. Joshua, now stricken in years, proceeded to make the division of the conquered land. Timnath-serah in Mount Ephraim was assigned as Joshuas peculiar inheritance. After an interval of rest, Joshua convoked an assembly from all Israel. He delivered two solemn addresses, recorded in ( Joshua 23:24 ) He died at the age of 110 years, and was buried in his own city, Timnath-serah. An inhabitant of Beth-shemesh, in whose land was the stone at which the milch-kine stopped when they drew the ark of God with the offerings of the Philistines from Ekron to Beth-shemesh. ( 1 Samuel 6:14 1 Samuel 6:18 ) (B.C. 1124.) A governor of the city who gave his name to a gate of Jerusalem. ( 2 Kings 23:8 ) (In the reign of Josiah, B.C. 628.) Jeshua the son of Jozadak. ( Haggai 1:14 ; 2:12 ; Zechariah 3:1 ) etc.
|
ISBE - 國際標準聖經百科全書 (International Standard Bible Encyclopedia)
Easton - Easton's Bible Dictionary
HBND - Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary
SBD - Smith's Bible Dictionary
|
NIV
靈修
新聞
貼圖
為教會
