Torah
2019/12/21
《The Real Meaning of Torah》
※The Giving of the Torah
This week Jews around the world celebrated the biblical festival of Shavuot or Pentecost, commemorating the giving of the Torah (תורה) on Mount Sinai. The word Torah is usually used as Jewish synonym for Scripture. But it does not only refer to the Five Books of Moses. It can refer more broadly to all religious learning, from Genesis to the most modern commentary. In Hebrew, the word means "instruction" and comes from a surprising source.
本週(2019年6月13日)，世界各地的猶太人慶祝了שבועות Shavuot或五旬節，以紀念在西奈山獻上摩西五經。摩西五經一詞通常用作猶太聖經的同義詞。但這不僅指《摩西五經Torah》，它可以更廣泛地涉及所有從創世紀到最現代的宗教學習。在希伯來語中，Torah的意思是「教導」，來自令人驚訝的來源。
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Pentecost五旬節
πεντηκοστή (4005) πεντηκοστή pentēkostē pen-tay-kos-tay
noun: genitive, singular, feminine
Pentecost = "the fiftieth day"
the second of the three great Jewish feasts, celebrated at Jerusalem yearly, the seventh week after the Passover, in grateful recognition of the completed harvest
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(2549) חמשּׁי חמישׁיchămı̂yshı̂y chămishshı̂y kham-ee-shee, kham-ish-shee
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五旬節，即基督教的聖靈降臨日（亦稱聖神降臨節），源自猶太人三大節期之一七七節。猶太教按猶太曆守節期，紀念以色列人出埃及後第五十天〔由出埃及記19:1之記載：以色列人出埃及以後，滿了三個月（英文譯得更貼近原文：In the third month，指三月的第一天）的那一天，就來到西奈的曠野。及出埃及記19:11之記載：到第三天(指三月的第四天)要預備好了，因為第三天耶和華要在眾百姓眼前降臨在西奈山上。〕，耶和華在西奈山頒給摩西《十誡》的日子；基督教的聖靈降臨節的日期則定在復活節後第50天和耶穌升天後10天。
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※An Arrow of faith
The Hebrew word Torah comes from the root YRH (ירה), literally meaning "to shoot an arrow." In the Bible this word is usually reserved for military or hunting exploits, like the famous biblical account of David and Jonathan. We read, "I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as though I were shooting at a target" (1 Samuel 20:20). The word "shoot" in Hebrew is Yoreh, from the same root YRH. But how is shooting connected to instruction?
希伯來語Torah源自字根YRH（ירה），字面意思是「射箭」。在聖經中，這個詞通常被保留作軍事或狩獵用途，例如著名的大衛和約拿單記載。 我們讀到：撒上20:20 我要向磐石旁邊射(3384)三箭，如同射箭靶一樣。「射」一詞希伯來語是Yoreh，來自同一字根YRH。但是「射出」與「教導」有何關系？
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3384 יָרָה
ירא ירה yârâh yârâ yaw-raw, yaw-raw
A primitive root：י - ר - ה; properly to flow as water (that is, to rain); transitively to lay or throw (especially an arrow, that is, to shoot); figuratively to point out (as if by aiming the finger), to teach
原始根；像水適當地流動（即下雨）； 及物地放置或拋出（尤其是箭頭，即射出）；比喻地指出（好像是用手指對準），教導。
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※Let Hebrew instruct you
Hitting the target is the common denominator. A great teacher - in Hebrew moreh מורה - must be an accurate "shooter." He must approach his prey quietly and only then fire arrows of wisdom into the student’s heart and mind, allowing the instruction to take hold. This is the educational philosophy of the Jewish people –
擊中目標是「射出」與「教導」共同點。一位出色的老師-moreh מורה-必須是一位準確的「射手」。他必須安靜地接近獵物，然後才將智慧的箭射入學生的內心和心靈，從而使教導被遵行。這是猶太人的教育理念。
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