流出血水
2019/07/20
※水是我們習以為常、司空見慣的物質。水具有許多生命絕對不可或缺的特性。從分子的立場來說，「水所具有的多樣特質，實在是天大的奇蹟，是創造主的作為。」
※人體有70%是水組成的，人體如果喪失10％水分時即會感到不適，而喪失20~25％時就會對生命帶來危險。但你知道各個主要器官的含水比例和功能嗎？
※人體各主要器官的含水比例：
肝臟含水比例68%；軟骨組織含水比例70%；皮膚含水比例72%；肌肉含水比例73%；大腦含水比例75%；胃腸含水比例75%；心臟含水比例79%；脾臟含水比例76%；肺臟含水比例79%；血液含水比例83%；腎臟含水比例83%；淋巴結含水比例94%；腦脊髓液含水比例99%；眼球含水比例99%。
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John19:34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
約 19:34 惟有一個兵拿槍扎他的肋旁，隨即有血和水流出來。
*The Roman flogging or scourging that Jesus endured prior to being crucified normally consisted of 39 lashes, but could have been more (Mark 15:15; John 19:1).
耶穌在被釘十字架之前忍受的羅馬鞭打，鞭子通常由39支鞭笞組成，但可能更多。
約翰福音19:1當下彼拉多將耶穌鞭打了。
*The whip that was used, called a scourge (Latin: flagrum), consisted of braided編 leather thongs皮條 with metal balls and pieces of sharp bone woven into or intertwined with the braids.
這種羅馬鞭子叫做scourge (拉丁文flagrum)，用鐵球和尖銳骨頭纏入皮條而成。
*The balls added weight to the whip, causing deep bruising and contusions as the victim was struck.
這些球增加了鞭子的重量，在受害者被擊中時造成深深的瘀傷和挫傷。
*The pieces of bone served to cut into the flesh.
尖銳骨頭深入皮肉造成嚴重挫傷。
*As the beating continued, the resulting cuts were so severe that the skeletal muscles, underlying veins, sinews, and bowels of victims were exposed. This beating was so severe that at times victims would not survive it in order to go on to be crucified.
隨著持續鞭刑，產生的傷口非常嚴重，以至於骨骼肌、靜脈、肌腱和受害者的腸道都被暴露出來。這種鞭打是如此嚴重，以至於有時受害者無法生存，以便繼續被釘在十字架上。
*Those who were flogged would often go into hypovolemic shock, a term that refers to low blood volume. In other words, the person would have lost so much blood he would go into shock. The results of this would be:
那些被鞭打的人經常會進入低血容性休克，這個人由於出血或血管外體液流失過多，當血液容積流失量大於 40%以上，結果將是：
1)-The heart would race to pump blood that was not there.
心臟會加速抽送不足的血液。
2)- The victim would collapse or faint due to low blood pressure.
由於低血壓，受害者會虛脫或暈倒。
3)- The kidneys would shut down to preserve body fluids.
腎臟將關閉以保存體液。
4)- The person would experience extreme thirst as the body desired to replenish lost fluids.
當身體亟需要補充流失的液體時，這個人會感到極度口渴。
There is evidence from Scripture that Jesus experienced hypovolemic shock as a result of being flogged.
聖經中之紀錄，表明耶穌因鞭打而經歷了低血容性休克。
As Jesus carried His own cross to Golgotha (John 19:17), He collapsed, and a man named Simon was forced to either carry the cross or help Jesus carry the cross the rest of the way to the hill (Matthew 27:32–33; Mark 15:21–22; Luke 23:26).
Luke 23:26帶耶穌去的時候，有一個古利奈人西門，從鄉下來；他們就抓住他，把十字架擱在他身上，叫他背著跟隨耶穌。
This collapse indicates Jesus had low blood pressure.
這種崩潰表明耶穌的血壓很低。
Another indicator that Jesus suffered from hypovolemic shock was that He declared He was thirsty as He hung on the cross (John 19:28), indicating His body’s desire to replenish fluids.
耶穌患有低血容性休克的另一個指標是，當他掛在十字架上時，他宣稱他口渴（約翰福音19:28），表明他的身體需要補充體液。
Prior to death, the sustained rapid heartbeat caused by hypovolemic shock also causes fluid to gather in the sack around the heart and around the lungs. This gathering of fluid in the membrane around the heart is called pericardial effusion, and the fluid gathering around the lungs is called pleural effusion.
在死亡之前，由低血容性休克引起的持續快速心跳也導致液體聚集在心臟周圍和肺部周圍。
心包膜積水(pericardial effusion)：心包膜中累積大量液體。
胸水(Pleural effusion)：肺周圍聚集的液體。
This explains why, after Jesus died and a Roman soldier thrust a spear through Jesus’ side, piercing both the lungs and the heart, blood and water came from His side just as John recorded in his Gospel (John 19:34).
這就解釋了約翰福音19:34，為什麼在耶穌去世後，一名羅馬士兵將長矛刺入耶穌肋旁，血和水從他的身邊流出來。
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