社福之工
2019/07/19
《「教會」是否從事不傳福音的「社會福利」工作？》
《經文》：
太 25:40 王要回答說：『我實在告訴你們，這些事你們既做在我這弟兄中一個最小的身上，就是做在我身上了。』
40 And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me.
※brethren ἀδελφῶν
ἀδελφός (80)
noun: genitive, plural, masculine
1-a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother
2-having the same national ancestor, belonging to the same people, or countryman
3-any fellow or man
4-a fellow believer, united to another by the bond of affection
5-an associate in employment or office
6-brethren in Christ
a)-his brothers by blood
b)-all men
c)-apostles
d)-Christians, as those who are exalted to the same heavenly place
~~
《馬太福音25章》
太 25:1「那時，天國好比十個童女拿著燈出去迎接新郎。…
13所以，你們要警醒；因為那日子，那時辰，你們不知道。」
……
14「天國又好比一個人要往外國去，就叫了僕人來，把他的家業交給他們，
……
31「當人子在他榮耀裡，同著眾天使降臨的時候，要坐在他榮耀的寶座上。32萬民都要聚集在他面前。他要把他們分別出來，好像牧羊的分別綿羊山羊一般，33把綿羊安置在右邊，山羊在左邊。34於是王要向那右邊的說：『你們這蒙我父賜福的，可來承受那創世以來為你們所預備的國；
40
王要回答說：『我實在告訴你們，這些事你們既做在「我這弟兄中」一個最小的身上，就是做在我身上了。』
~~
-⑴-這章經文，都在談「天國」的事。耶穌說：「我這弟兄中」(my brethren)，不是萬國萬民中，ἀδελφός (80)這字所說有肉體關係的弟兄，是蒙我父賜福的、與天父有關係、是耶穌基督的弟兄。這是指耶穌的門徒和所有信徒。
In the context of the parable “the least of these” refers to those who are most needy “among Jesus’ brothers”—a reference most likely to Jesus’ disciples and by extension all believers.
-⑵-耶穌命令祂的「羊」，要對飢餓，口渴，陌生人的需要及對那些赤身裸體，生病或在監獄中的人深表同情。
The “sheep” are commended for their great compassion for those in need—for the hungry, the thirsty, the stranger; for those who are naked, sick, or in prison.
-⑶-義人將繼承王國，不是因為他們所做的富有同情心的工作，而是因為他們的正義來自他們改變的心靈，以回應耶穌宣告的國度，正如他們對「這些人中最小的人」的同情所表明的那樣。
The righteous will inherit the kingdom not because of the compassionate works that they have done but because their righteousness comes from their transformed hearts in response to Jesus’ proclamation of the kingdom, as evidenced by their compassion for the “least of these.”
-⑷-對於那些有需要的基督徒的照顧，義人發現他們對有需要的人的同情行為，是與作在耶穌身上一樣（同樣是你對我做了）。
In caring for those in need, the righteous discover that their acts of compassion for the needy are the same as if done for Jesus himself (you did it to me).
-⑸-「我這些兄弟中最小的」是指基督的門徒或所有的基督徒。這並不意味著聖經不關心窮人和被壓迫者。是的，聖經常常提到他們。但這不是這裡的重點。
"The least of these brothers of mine" refers to Christs disciples or all Christians. This does not mean that the Bible is unconcerned about the poor and the oppressed. It is. We read about them often. But that is not the thought here.
-⑹-耶穌在這裡的意思是，基督徒個人的命運取決於他們與基督的追隨者之間的關係，這意味著他們是綿羊或山羊，與順服基督有關。
What Jesus means here is that the fate of individuals depends on how they relate to Christs followers, which means how they also relate to him.
-⑺- John Broadus這樣說：「我們的主並沒有明確地談到對一般『窮人和受難者』的恩慈，而是對因祂受苦和貧窮的『弟兄』的恩慈。」
John Broadus puts it like this: "Our Lord is not expressly speaking of benevolence to the poor and suffering in general, but of kindness to his poor and suffering brethren for his sake."
-⑻- DA Carson同樣地說，「真正的門徒會通過試煉，不是因為他們試圖通過試煉，而是因為他們會因耶穌的緣故，愛他的兄弟姐妹。
山羊會失敗，因為他們當然不會特別關心「屬耶穌的兄弟姐妹」，因此會拒絕彌賽亞耶穌（10：40-42）…正如掃羅在迫害基督徒時，實際上是在迫害耶穌（見使徒行傳9：5）。」
D. A. Carson says similarly, "True disciples will pass an examination not because they are trying to pass an examination but because they will love his brothers and sisters—and therefore Jesus.
Goats will fail because, of course, they will not particularly care for Jesus brothers and sisters, and thus will be rejecting the Messiah himself (10:40-42)—just as Saul, in persecuting Christians, was actually persecuting Jesus (see Acts 9:5)."
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