心
2018/10/24
《The heart of Pharaoh 法老的心》
※What does the heart say? 希伯來文如何形容心？
＊The image of a hardened heart is the Bible’s way of expressing obstinacy.
「一顆硬化的心的形像」是聖經表達「頑固」的方式。
＊The Hebrew Bible uses three different words to refer to Pharaoh’s heart:
①hazak חזק (strong), ②kaved כבד (heavy), and ③kasheh קשה (hard).
希伯來聖經用三個不同的字，來形容法老的心剛硬，這是法老對當下景況的感受，內心因而有不同的反應行為，外人看來都是一樣「執迷不悟」的決定。
@~
-①-Exodus 14:8 The Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and he chased after the sons of Israel as the sons of Israel were going out boldly.
出 14:8耶和華使埃及王法老的心剛硬，他就追趕以色列人，因為以色列人是昂然無懼地出埃及。
hardened；וַיְחַזֵּ֣ק
(2388) חָזַק
-①חזק châzaq khaw-zak
A primitive root; to fasten upon; hence to seize, be strong (figuratively courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify),
-1- to strengthen, prevail, harden, be strong, become strong, be courageous, be firm, grow firm, be resolute, be sore
-②-Exodus 9:7 Pharaoh sent, and behold, there was not even one of the livestock of Israel dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.
出 9:7法老打發人去看，誰知以色列人的牲畜連一個都沒有死。法老的心卻是固執，不容百姓去。
hardened；וַיִּכְבַּד֙
(3513) כָּבַד：
-②כּבד כּבד kâbad kâbêd kaw-bad, kaw-bade
A primitive root; to be heavy, that is, in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable);
-1-to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard,
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-③-Exodus 7:3 But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart that I may multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.
出 7:3我要使法老的心剛硬，也要在埃及地多行神蹟奇事。
harden；אַקְשֶׁ֖ה
(7185) קָשָׁה
-③קשׁה qâshâh kaw-shaw
A primitive root; properly to be dense, that is, tough or severe (in various applications)
-1- to be hard, be severe, be fierce, be harsh
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＊Usually in Biblical Hebrew these three adjectives convey positive attributes; the “strong sword of the Lord” (Isaiah 27:1), or the “heavy army” of the Arameans (2 Kings 6:14). But these words become negative when they describe the heart.
通常在聖經希伯來語中，這三個形容詞傳達了積極的屬性；「耶和華的大刀」（以賽亞書27：1），或亞蘭人的「重兵」（王下6:14）。 但是當他們描述心態時，這些話就變成了負面的。
@~
＊In that day the Lord with his sore and great and strong sword shall punish leviathan the piercing serpent, even leviathan that crooked serpent; and he shall slay the dragon that is in the sea. (KJV)
以賽亞書27：1到那日，耶和華必用他剛硬有力的大刀刑罰鱷魚，就是那快行的蛇，刑罰鱷魚，就是那曲行的蛇，並殺海中的大魚。
and strong；וְהַֽחֲזָקָ֗ה
(2389) חָזָק
חזק châzâq khaw-zawk
From 2388; strong (usually in a bad sense, hard, bold, violent)
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14 Therefore sent he thither horses, and chariots, and a great host: and they came by night, and compassed the city about.(KJV) great: Heb. heavy
王下6:14王就打發車馬和大軍往那裡去，夜間到了，圍困那城。
And a great；כָּבֵ֑ד
(3515) כָּבֵד
כּבד kâbêd kaw-bade
From 3513; heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)
~@
※More than just a heart 英文的肉心，可能是石心。
＊In the biblical mindset the heart, lev (לב) in Hebrew, is much more than merely the heart. It represents the inner self. It is what causes us to love, cry and empathize.
在聖經的心態，希伯來語中的心lev（לב）不僅僅是心。它代表了內心的自我。這是使我們能愛，哭泣和同情的原因。
@~
(3820) לב
לב lêb labe
A form of 3824; the heart;
-1 inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding
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Genesis 8:21 כִּ֠י יֵ֣צֶר לֵ֧ב הָאָדָ֛ם רַ֖ע
KJV: of mans heart [is] evil
~@
＊Having a soft lev is what makes us human. In contrast, our outer body parts must be harder, in order to protect our fragile inner lev. The task of being a moral human being is making sure the inner and outer realms remain separate.
擁有柔軟的心是讓我們成為人類的原因。相比之下，我們的外部身體部位必須強壯，以保護我們脆弱的內部心腸。有道德的人，做事是身心都要分別為聖。
※Open your heart to read Hebrew bible
＊The hard heart of Pharaoh led to his eventual downfall. It is therefore through this story that the Hebrew bible shows us how important it is to be moral - to have a soft heart.
法老的心剛硬，導致他最終的垮台。通過這個故事，希伯來文聖經讓我們更明白擁有一顆柔軟的心的重要性。
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