埃及
2018/09/08
《What is Egypt? 探討希伯來文「埃及」מִצְרַיִם的字意。》
※The message of the name
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Genesis 39:1 Now Joseph had been taken down to Egypt;
Egypt；(4714) מִצְרַיִם
מצרים mitsrayim mits-rah-yim
Dual of H4693 (מצור mâtsôr maw-tsore); Mitsrajim, that is, Upper and Lower Egypt
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＊Egypt was called Musuru, Misir or Masri in several languages, so Mitzraim might just be a transliteration into Hebrew of any of these names.
「埃及」在各種語言裡，被稱為：Musuru, Misir or Masri。希伯來文之「埃及」Mitzraim，可能翻譯自這些發音。
＊However, we can try to understand how a Hebrew audience might have interpreted the name Mitzraim.
希伯來文有與Mitzraim發音相似的字，或可參考了解希伯來人為何稱「埃及」為「Mitzraim」。
＊The word mitzraim מצרים looks similar to the Hebrew root metzar (מצר), so what does this root mean?
「Mitzraim」與字根「metzar」字母相似，我們嘗試以此字來了解希伯來文「埃及」的字義。
＊The word metzar (מצר) means trouble, distress, pain. In a dual form, it would form the word מצרים, Mitzraim—and it would read Double Distress, or Double Trouble.
Mitzraim是metzar(苦難)的複數形，表示加倍的苦難。
＊For instance, in Lamentations 1:3, the very word metzarim (מצרים) has the meaning “distress[es],” with no connection to Egypt.
Lamentations 1:3 Judah has gone into exile under affliction And under harsh servitude; She dwells among the nations, But she has found no rest; All her pursuers have overtaken her In the midst of distress הַמְּצָרִֽים.
3 猶大因遭遇苦難，又因多服勞苦就遷到外邦。他住在列國中，尋不著安息；追逼他的都在狹窄之地將他追上。
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distress；(4712) ：מֵצַר
מצר mêtsar may-tsar
From H6896; something tight, that is, (figuratively) trouble
＊Some scholars suggest that this is what Mitzraim would have meant to a Hebrew audience; for Israelites to go down to Egypt, would mean distress and trouble. This meaning can only be seen in the Hebrew text.
以色列人下埃及，從這發音相似的希伯來字「苦難」，可以了解：「下埃及」是苦難，最終是為奴。而「出埃及」是脫離苦難綑綁，得自由。
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