答:大有问题!耶稣是[创造者]。如果祂的身体是[被造的],那么祂整个身体是自己造的,祂进去祂自己造的里面;那祂到底有分于受造的部份,或是受造的部分有分于祂呢?你把它颠倒过来了!是[道成肉身],不是道进到被造肉身之中,是[道成肉身];换句话说,道经过一个过程以后,就在肉身中间显现。【圣经从来没有提到,耶稣有受造的一部分,这个是亚流的异端、是诺斯底主义的异端、是李常受的异端来毒害教会。】耶稣基督里面没有受造的一部分,祂是创造者,祂是配受敬拜和永?歌颂的。罗马书九章5节:〔列祖就是他们的祖宗,按肉体说,基督也是从他们出来的;祂是在万有之上,永远可称颂的上帝。阿门。〕祂是永远被歌颂、领受敬拜的创造者,祂不是受造的。至于启示录三章14节所提到的:[你要写信给老底嘉教会的使者,说:那个阿门的,为诚信真实见证的,在上帝创造万物之上为元首的说。]那一位在创造界中为元首的,有的人用希腊文把它翻译为[在创造中间最先的],或"The first created one",或"The first born of the creatures"。我们应当怎样翻译才合乎全本圣经的思想呢?在被造中间成为阿拉法的、最原先的、做领导的、做领袖的、首先的那一位,祂是阿拉法、俄梅戛。
然而,带领大公教会战胜亚流异端的亚他那修在《尼西亚信经护文(A DEFENCE OF THE NICENE CREED)》#14段中确说:
【说子(Son,大写,指神的儿子)是受造的也是正确的,因为这是指祂的成为人。因为受造是属于人的】。。。这个特征,也是救主的,但这是指当祂取了身体的时候所说的。。。对于祂的成为人,合适的话是,主造了我。。。(当听见)主创造的,奴仆,和他受苦,我们应当正确的理解他们,而不能理解成与神(格)有关的,因为这是不合理的,而我们必须把他们理解为他为我们的缘故所穿上的肉体;。。。【道成肉身的目的乃是要为所有的人所献(为祭),好叫我们,能有份与祂的灵(Spirit,大写,圣灵),能够成为(众)神(gods,小写复数,指神化后的人),这是一个除非借由他穿上我们受造的身体,我们无法得到的恩典】
。。。。。【for it is true to say that the Son was created too, but this took place when He became man; for creation belongs to man】。。。but we must interpret it by that flesh which He bore for our sakes; 。。。so on His becoming man, the words befitted Him, The Lord created Me. 。。。The Lord created, and Servant, and He suffered, we shall justly ascribe this, not to the Godhead, for it is irrelevant, but we must interpret it by that flesh which He bore for our sakes; 。。。【that the Word was made flesh in order to offer up this body for all, and that we, partaking of His Spirit, might be made gods, a gift which we could not otherwise have gained than by His clothing Himself in our created body.】
马丁路得在《关乎基督神性与人性的辩论( DISPUTATION ON THE DIVINITY AND HUMANITY OF CHRIST)》一文中说:
13. 因这缘故,有人能大胆的说:“基督是受造之物”,因为明显的,基督是被造的。
14. 约翰福音第一章说:“道成了肉身”(The Word was made flesh)。按我们的观念,更合适的说法,应该是“道肉
身化了”(The Word was incarnated)或“道成了属肉的”(The Word was made fleshly)。
15. 在这件事上,圣经的表达方式和正统教父的表达方式应做一切的准则。
Next he adds, “This Word was in the beginning with God.” He had not said these two words together. He had said, “This Word was in the beginning” and “He was with God.” Now he joins the two together. That is why we must so contemplate Jesus Christ that we do not estimate that He is not true God and of the same essence with the Father. 【He has, to be sure, been created with respect to His human nature】, but we must go further to know Him as our eternal God, Who is in such a manner our God that He is the wisdom of His Father which has been with God from all time. That, then, is the summary of it. Now when we remember this exposition (as it is simply expressed) it will suffice to instruct us for our salvation. Surely it is all we need to know about it.
他(约翰)接下来加上,“这道太初与神同在。”他并没有同时论及那两个字。他说的是‘太初有道’,和‘道与神同在。’如今他讲将两句话联在一起。那就是为什么我们必须凝视耶稣基督,好叫我们不会不把祂当作真神,越不会不把祂当作不与父同质。【从祂的人性而言,他当然是被造的,】然而我们要进一步认识祂乃是我们永远的神,祂是如此作为我们的神,好叫祂是与神永远同在之父的智慧。那,就是这句话的总结。如今,当我们纪念这样的表述时(就是它直白的表述),它就足以引导我们的救赎。当然,它也就是我们所需要知道的。
Src: Sermons on the Deity of Christ, Sermon 1 on John 1:1-5, John Calvin
来源:关于基督的神学,约翰1:1-5第一篇讲道,约翰加尔文
改革宗的《比利时信条》讲的也很清楚:
We believe that by being thus conceived the person of the Son has been inseparably united and joined together with human nature, in such a way that there are not two Sons of God, nor two persons, but two natures united in a single person, with each nature retaining its own distinct properties. Thus his divine nature has always remained uncreated, without beginning of days or end of life, filling heaven and earth. 【His human nature has not lost its properties but continues to have those of a creature】-- it has a beginning of days; it is of a finite nature and retains all that belongs to a real body. And even though he, by his resurrection, gave it immortality, that nonetheless did not change the reality of his human nature; for our salvation and resurrection depend also on the reality of his body. But these two natures are so united together in one person that they are not even separated by his death.
我们相信圣子的位格与他的人性绝对地连结;所以并非是神的两个儿子,也不是两个位格,乃是二性合于单一的位格;然而二性保持独特的特质。因此神性总是非受造,无生之始,无命之终,充满天地;【祂的人性也没有失去它人性的特质,而继续拥有受造的(本质)】--它有起初之日,有限,并具有真实身体的一切属性。虽然由于复活,有了不朽之性,然而祂仍未改变祂人性的实际性;为了我们的救恩与复活也要靠祂的肉身。但此二性是如此密切地连系于一个位格,所以是不会分开的,就是死也不能使之分开。因此当祂死的时候,祂将真正属人的灵魂,离开了肉体交在父神的手中3。同时祂的神性总是与人性同在,纵然当祂躺卧在坟墓中的时候,神性仍与祂同在,正如祂在婴儿时期,虽然一时不能显明,但祂是神。因此我们基督是真神与真人,就是借着祂的大能胜过死亡的神;也是真人,祂按着我们肉体的软弱为我们死的真人。