Hermann Gunkel (1862-1932) was a German Protestant Old Testament scholar.
Gunkel was the a son of a minister. He studied theology in Göttingen and Hanover. In Hanover he came under the influence of Albrecht Ritschl and Albert Eichhorn from whom the religion-historical school developed.
In 1895 Gunkel became a professor of Old Testament in Berlin. In the same year his book Creation and Chaos was published. In 1901 the first edition of his Genesis commentary appeared. In 1926 he published another standard work, his commentary on the book of Psalms.
For health reasons Gunkel retired and became professor emeritus in 1927. His Introduction to the Psalms was his last major project, which was brought to completion with the help of Joachim Begrich.
Gunkel had become an outstanding representative of the religion-historical school. He is sometimes called the father of form criticism and of tradition history, critical methodologies that his work had helped develop.
A large part of his literary production was written nevertheless in an apparent effort to reach a broader public. Hermann Gunkel died on 11 March 1932 in Halle.