羅傑斯是六零年代的名心理學家。六十年代也可以說是心理學開始入侵美國教會的時候,所以當時的基督徒心理學家受他的影響相當大。他在性革命方面也有極大的貢獻,他有一本在這方面的代表作﹕《成為夥伴﹕婚姻和其另類》(Becoming Partners: Marriage and its Alternatives),請看他的高見﹕
埃利斯表示,他從前曾經撰寫一本叫《同性戀﹕成因和治療》(Homosexuality: Its Causes and Cures)的書,書中表示同性戀乃不正常的性表現。今天他不再持這樣的態度,大部分的權威人士大多支持同性戀解放運動,而認為「同性戀不一定是嚴重的情緒困擾。」[13]他繼續表示,沒有有效的治療法,可以改變人的性取向。[14]
史金納(B. F. Skinner)說,從前人,無論是政府、宗教、教育團體,都嚴格限制性慾,鏟除所有性慾刺激,即使談及基本知識,也是非常隱晦的,性行為當然被處罰。但他認為壓抑性衝動,會帶來各種精神問題。現代人不再迴避性慾刺激,反之,他們得到更多性教育。[17] 他亦曾說﹕「很多文化都能容忍配偶的重新搭配……如果從前的愛火已熄滅,新愛火又是真誠的,可以離婚。」[18]
《臨床心理學期刊》(Journal of Clinical Psychology)也有一篇文章報導現代人對婚前婚外性行為態度的統計數字,作者在總結時說﹕「婚外性行為不一定影響婚姻互動,反之,因著個人在關係以外獲得滿足,婚姻更能持久;此外,因為清教徒道德觀的殘餘影響,我們的社會甚少提到的一件事﹕婚外性行為可以是一個愉快的經歷。」[29]
[1] 鮑謹夫婦合著,張逸萍譯,《心理學不合聖經》(Towaco, NJ﹕生命出版社,2003),第七章。[2] Peter Gay, ed., The Freud Reader (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1989), p. 60. [3] Ibid., p. 197-98.[4] Carl R. Rogers, Becoming Partners: Marriage and its Alternatives (New York: Delacorte Press, 1972), p. 33.[5] Ibid., p. 57.[6] Ibid., p. 69.[7] Ibid., p. 213-214. [8] Richard Evans, Carl Rogers: The Man and His Ideas (New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1975), p. 105-06. [9] Ibid., p. 106-07. [10] Albert Ellis, Sex Without Guilt In the Twenty-First Century (Fort Lee, NJ: Barricade, 2003), p. chapter 3.[11] Ibid., chapter 4.[12] Jeffrey Satinover, Homosexuality and the Politics of Truth (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1996), 31-37. [13] Ellis, Sex Without Guilt In the Twenty-First Century, p. 176-78. [14] Ibid., p. 184.[15] Gary Collins, Christian Counseling (Dallas: Word Publishing, 1988), 281-82.[16] C. G. Jung, Analytical Psychology: Its Theory and Practice (New York: Pantheon Books, 1968), p. 178.[17] B. F. Skinner, Science and Human Behavior (New York: The Free Press, 1965), p. 420-21.[18] B. F. Skinner, Walden Two (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1976), p. 130-31.[19] Abraham H. Maslow, Motivation and Personality (New York: Longman, 1970), p. 151-53.[20] Abraham H. Maslow, The Farther Reaches of Human Nature (Penguin Books, 1993), p. 178.[21] Rollo May, Love and Will (New York: A Delta Book, 1989).[22] Charles T. Tart, “Sex, Drugs and Altered States of Consciousness” (http://www.paradigm-sys.com/ctt_articles2.cfm?id=70)[23] “Self Observation with Charles Tart, Ph. D.” (http://www.intuition.org/txt/tart.htm)[24]例﹕約翰.布雷蕭著,鄭玉英、趙家玉譯,《家庭會傷人》(台北﹕張老師,民82)。[25] Debbie Dewart, “John Bradshaw: Psychological ‘Guru’ for the new Age.” (http://www.christiandiscernment.com/Christian%20Discernment/CD%20PDF/Book%20pdf/01%20Bradshaw%20Summary.pdf) summary of Debbie Dewart, A Way that Seems Right (Newport Beach, CA: Discernment Publications, 1993). [26] “Nathaniel Branden Interview, Pt. 4” by Alec Mouhibian (http://solohq.solopassion.com/Articles/Mouhibian/Nathaniel_Branden_Interview,_Pt_4.shtml)[27] “Nathaniel Branden Interview, Pt. 3” by Alec Mouhibian (http://solohq.solopassion.com/Articles/Mouhibian/Nathaniel_Branden_Interview,_Pt_3.shtml)[28] Shervert H. Frazier, “Psychotrend,” in Psychology Today 27, issue 1 (Jan./Feb. 94), p. 32.[29] Mildred W. Well, “Extramarital Relationships: A Reappraisal,” Journal of Clinical Psychology, Oct 1975, Vol. 31 Issue 4, p723-725.[30] “What Does a Sex Therapist Do?” (http://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/guide/sex-therapists)[31] “Surrogate Therapy - What Is It ?” (http://www.sexsurrogateofla.com/what-is-sex-surrogate-therapy.html)[32] Bruce Gross, “A Touchy Subject: Sexual Intimacies between Therapists and Clients,” Annals of the American Psychotherapy Association, Vol. 6, 2003. (http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=LCKZxzprnqTg7RLfqzLRjJCq0vBY11TXWRHBc9NRHkTc90z7ckJh!203397160!58126583?docId=5002544170) ; also see: Valerie A. Vetter, “Prior Therapist-Patient Sexual Involvement Among Patients Seen by Psychologists” (http://kspope.com/sexiss/sex2.php.)[33] Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, 2002, Principle E: Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity.