哈蟆只贴了一张照片,我只好自己找到哈讲的文章:「Jerry Coyne “The Faith That Dare Not Speak Its Name: The Case Against Intelligent Design” in The New Republic, Aug 22 & 29, 2005 issue, p. 21-33. A」(https://www.astronomynotes.com/science-religion/NormLevan/JerryCoyne-notes.pdf)
(1)首先文章标题是「The Faith That Dare Not Speak Its Name: 不敢讲名字的信仰」
(2)文章说:「Dover School Board presented Intelligent Design as a requirement was explicitly for religious, particularly Christian, reasons. 多佛(Dover)学校委员会提出,智能设计是一项明确出于宗教(尤其是基督教)原因,作为学校课程的要求。」
怪不得哈蟆和朋友如此生气!
(3)文章解释什么是科学:「OED defines scientific theory as “a scheme or system of ideas or statements held as a n explanation or account of a group of facts or phenomena; a hypothesis that has been confirmed or established by observation or experiment, and is propounded or accepted as accounting for the known facts.” In science, a theory is a convincing explanation for a diversity of data from nature. OED将科学理论定义为“作为对一组事实或现象的解释或解释而持有的思想或陈述的计划或系统; 通过观察或实验已经确认或建立的假设,被提出或接受为对已知事实的解释。” 在科学中,理论是从自然界获取各种数据的令人信服的解释。」
(5)文章抱怨ID「 Use of impressive-sounding terms such as “irreducible complexity”. 使用令人印象深刻的术语,例如“不可简化的复杂性”(Irreducible Complexity)。」
哈蟆似乎不明白什么是Irreducible Complexity,但这篇文章明白,解释说:「IC is “a single system composed of several well-matched, interacting parts that contribute to the basic function, wherein the removal of any one of the parts causes the system to effectively cease functioningIC是“一个由几个相互匹配且相互配合的部件组成的单个系统,这些部件有助于基本功能,其中任何一个部件的移除都会导致系统有效地停止运行。」
(6)然后文章作者攻击《达尔文黑盒》说:「BFatal flaw to Behe’s argument: for decades we have known that natural selection can produce systems that, over time, become integrated to the point where they appear to be IC. They do NOT evolve by sequential addition of parts to a feature that becomes functional only at the end. They evolve by adding, via natural selection, more and more parts into an originally rudimentary but functional system, with these parts sometimes co-opted from other structures《黑盒》作者Behe的论点存在致命缺陷:几十年来,我们知道自然选择可以产生随着时间的流逝而变得集成到看起来像IC的系统。 它们不会通过将零件顺序添加到仅在最后才起作用的功能来演变。 他们通过自然选择将越来越多的零件添加到最初的基本功能系统中,而这些零件有时会从其他结构中选择出来,从而发展起来。」