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翻譯難處

	分享人:	楊爸
	分享日期:	2019/11/23
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(1242) διαθήκη①遺囑②聖約diathēkē dee-ath-ay-kay；
1) a disposition, arrangement, of any sort, which one wishes to be valid, the last disposition which one makes of his earthly possessions after his death, a testament or will
~@

Some translation confusion arises here, however, because the Greeks used the word diatheke in the sense of "testament." Thats because a testament in Greek culture, at least at that time, included several nuances that made it different from the Hebrew concept of covenant.
First, in Greek culture, a diatheke—a testament—could be changed at any time by the testator while the testator was still alive. The testator could make up his last will and testament and then get irritated at his heirs and write them out of his will. And that continues to this day, for we know that people are sometimes disinherited, or written out of the will of a friend or family member.
But thats significantly different from a diatheke—a testament or covenant—made by God. When God makes a covenant with His people, He can punish them for covenant breaking, but He never cancels the covenant promises He has made.
但是，這「聖約」翻譯裡有些混亂，因為希臘人在「遺囑」的意義上也使用了”diatheke”一詞。那是因為至少在當時，希臘文化的遺囑包含了一些差別意義，使其與希伯來「約」的信仰不同。

-⑴-在希臘文化中，立遺囑人可以在還活著的時候隨時更改遺書（遺囑）。
立遺囑者可以完成他的意願和遺囑，但可能因激怒其繼承人，而以非其本意將遺囑寫下來。這種情況一直持續到今天，因為我們知道人們有時會被剝奪繼承權，或者是出於朋友或家人的意思而寫成的遺囑。
但這與上帝頒布的聖經或聖約有很大不同。 當上帝與祂的子民立約時，祂可以懲罰他們違反立約的行為，但是祂從不取消祂所作的約的應許。

Another difference between the Greek understanding of diatheke as a testament and the Hebrew understanding of berith as a covenant is that in the Greek world, the benefits of the testament, or diatheke, did not accrue until alter the testator died. Obviously, when God makes a covenant, His people dont have to wait for Him to die o inherit the blessings of that covenant, because Hes incapable of dying.
~ DR. R. C. SPROUT

-⑵-希臘人對diatheke作為「遺囑」的理解與希伯來人對berith作為「聖約」的理解之間的另一個區別是，在希臘世界中，直到設立遺囑的人死亡，遺囑或diatheke的好處才產生。顯然，當上帝立約時，祂的子民不必等待祂死去就可以獲得該約的祝福，因為祂是昔在、今在、永在的神。